Are1-mediated nitrogen metabolism is associated with iron regulation in the mycoparasite Trichoderma atroviride

IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
Clara Baldin , Rossana Segreto , Hoda Bazafkan , Martina Schenk , Julia Millinger , Ulrike Schreiner , Daniel Flatschacher , Verena Speckbacher , Siebe Pierson , Mostafa Alilou , Lea Atanasova , Susanne Zeilinger
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Trichoderma atroviride is a mycoparasitic fungus with antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens and is used as a pathogen control agent alternative to synthetic fungicides. Sensing nutrient availability in the environment and adjusting metabolism for optimal growth, development and reproduction is essential for adaptability and is relevant to its mycoparasitic activity. During mycoparasitism, secondary metabolites are produced to weaken the fungal prey and support the attack. Are1-like proteins act as major GATA-type transcription factors in the activation of genes subject to nitrogen catabolite repression. Since the quality and quantity of nitrogen has been proven particularly relevant in remodeling the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in fungi, we decided to functionally characterize Are1, the ortholog of Aspergillus nidulans AreA, in T. atroviride. We show that the growth of the T. atrovirideare1 mutant is impaired in comparison to the wild type on several nitrogen sources. Deletion of are1 enhanced sensitivity to oxidative and cell-wall stressors and altered the mycoparasitic activity. We were able to identify for the first time a link between Are1 and iron homeostasis via a regulatory mechanism that does not appear to be strictly linked to the nitrogen source, but rather to an independent role of the transcription factor.
Are1介导的氮代谢与霉菌Trichoderma atroviride的铁调节有关。
毛霉菌是一种霉菌寄生真菌,对真菌病原体具有拮抗活性,可作为病原体控制剂替代合成杀真菌剂。感知环境中的养分供应情况并调整新陈代谢以获得最佳生长、发育和繁殖对其适应性至关重要,这也与它的霉菌寄生活动有关。在真菌寄生过程中,会产生次生代谢物来削弱真菌猎物并支持攻击。类 Are1 蛋白作为主要的 GATA 型转录因子激活受氮代谢抑制的基因。由于氮的质量和数量已被证明与重塑真菌次生代谢产物的生物合成特别相关,我们决定对阿特罗维里德曲霉 AreA 的直向同源物 Are1 进行功能鉴定。我们发现,与野生型相比,T. atroviride ∆are1 突变体在几种氮源上的生长都受到了影响。are1的缺失增强了对氧化和细胞壁胁迫的敏感性,并改变了寄生菌的活性。我们首次发现了 Are1 与铁稳态之间的联系,这种联系是通过一种调控机制实现的,这种机制似乎与氮源没有严格的联系,而是与转录因子的独立作用有关。
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来源期刊
Microbiological research
Microbiological research 生物-微生物学
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
6.00%
发文量
249
审稿时长
29 days
期刊介绍: Microbiological Research is devoted to publishing reports on prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeasts, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protozoa. Research on interactions between pathogenic microorganisms and their environment or hosts are also covered.
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