Comparative Study of the Protective Effects of Citral, Thymoquinone, and Silymarin on Methotrexate-induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats.

IF 1.2 Q3 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE

Journal of Pharmacopuncture Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.3831/KPI.2024.27.3.245

Barzan Behdokht, Noorbakhsh Mohammad Foad, Nazifi Saeed, Nasrollah Ahmadi, Amani Sakineh

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Abstract

Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX), an immunosuppressant and anti-cancer medication, can harm the heart. The goal of the current investigation was to assess the cardiotoxicity caused by MTX and the potential cardioprotective properties of silymarin, citral, and thymoquinone as antioxidants.

Methods: Forty-eight rats were divided into six groups, which included control, MTX, cosolvent, citral, thymoquinone, and silymarin groups. At the end of the study, the rats were anesthetized (ketamine and xylazine) and killed using CO2. Their blood samples were collected to measure the enzymatic activities of creatine kinase-myoglobin binding (CK-MB), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, the heart tissue was sampled to determine the antioxidant capacity and examine the histopathology.

Results: The findings revealed that the activity of CPK, CK-MB, and LDH enzymes significantly reduced in the thymoquinone treatment group compared to the MTX group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, total antioxidant capacity was significantly increased in the thymoquinone group compared to the MTX group (p < 0.05). The pathological modifications (i.e. severe congestion, edema fluid, the presence of inflammatory cells around the blood vessels, mild to moderate hemorrhaging between cardiac muscle fibers) were seen in the MTX group. The treatment groups, particularly thymoquinone, did not experience any appreciable pathological changes.

Conclusion: The thymoquinone was found to have the strongest protective effect against the heart damage caused by MTX.

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柠檬醛、胸腺醌和水飞蓟素对甲氨蝶呤诱导的大鼠心脏毒性的保护作用比较研究

目的：甲氨蝶呤（MTX）是一种免疫抑制剂和抗癌药物，会对心脏造成伤害。本次研究的目的是评估 MTX 引起的心脏毒性以及作为抗氧化剂的水飞蓟素、柠檬醛和胸腺醌的潜在心脏保护特性：将 48 只大鼠分为 6 组，包括对照组、MTX 组、共溶剂组、柠檬醛组、胸腺醌组和水飞蓟素组。研究结束后，对大鼠进行麻醉（氯胺酮和异丙嗪）并使用二氧化碳将其杀死。采集大鼠的血液样本，测量肌酸激酶-肌红蛋白结合（CK-MB）、肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的酶活性。此外，还对心脏组织进行了取样，以确定抗氧化能力并检查组织病理学：结果：研究结果显示，胸腺醌治疗组 CPK、CK-MB 和 LDH 酶的活性比 MTX 治疗组明显降低（P < 0.05）。另一方面，与 MTX 组相比，胸腺醌组的总抗氧化能力明显提高（P < 0.05）。MTX组出现了病理改变（即严重充血、水肿液、血管周围出现炎性细胞、心肌纤维间出现轻中度出血）。治疗组，尤其是胸腺醌组，没有出现任何明显的病理变化：结论：胸腺醌对 MTX 引起的心脏损伤具有最强的保护作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Pharmacopuncture INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE-

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Pharmacopuncture covers a wide range of basic and clinical science research relevant to all aspects of the biotechnology of integrated approaches using both pharmacology and acupuncture therapeutics, including research involving pharmacology, acupuncture studies and pharmacopuncture studies. The subjects are mainly divided into three categories: pharmacology (applied phytomedicine, plant sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, medicinal plants, traditional medicines, herbal medicine, Sasang constitutional medicine, herbal formulae, foods, agricultural technologies, naturopathy, etc.), acupuncture (acupressure, electroacupuncture, laser acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, etc.), and pharmacopuncture (aqua-acupuncture, meridian pharmacopuncture, eight-principles pharmacopuncture, animal-based pharmacopuncture, mountain ginseng pharmacopuncture, bee venom therapy, needle embedding therapy, implant therapy, etc.). Other categories include chuna treatment, veterinary acupuncture and related animal studies, alternative medicines for treating cancer and cancer-related symptoms, etc. Broader topical coverage on the effects of acupuncture, the medical plants used in traditional and alternative medicine, pharmacological action and other related modalities, such as anthroposophy, homeopathy, ayurveda, bioelectromagnetic therapy, chiropractic, neural therapy and meditation, can be considered to be within the journal’s scope if based on acupoints and meridians. Submissions of original articles, review articles, systematic reviews, case reports, brief reports, opinions, commentaries, medical lectures, letters to the editor, photo-essays, technical notes, and book reviews are encouraged. Providing free access to the full text of all current and archived articles on its website (www.journal.ac), also searchable through a Google Scholar search.