The Effect of Meal Frequency and Glycemic Index During the Night Shift on Alertness, Hunger, and Gastrointestinal Complaints in Female Health Care Workers—A Two-Armed Randomized Crossover Trial

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.027

Mariëlle G de Rijk, Sanne Boesveldt, Edith JM Feskens, Jeanne HM de Vries

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Nutrition strategies for night-shift workers could optimize alertness and minimize hunger and reduce gastrointestinal complaints, enhancing safety and well-being.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1 or 3 small meals, with either low or high glycemic index (GI), compared with no meal, on alertness, hunger, and gastrointestinal complaints during the night shift.

Methods

Fifty-one female health care workers, aged 18 to 61 y, participated in a 2-armed randomized crossover design. In 1 study arm, participants received 1 yogurt meal during the night shift, AND in the other, they received 3. Each study arm involved 3 intervention periods during night shifts, with participants consuming yogurt with low GI (1LGI or 3LGI) OR high GI (1HGI or 3HGI) carbohydrates, or no meal (0NGI). Objective alertness was assessed using a validated brief psychomotor vigilance task (PVT-B), subjective alertness with the Samn–Perelli scale, and hunger and gastrointestinal complaints through questionnaires.

Results

Participants in the 1LGI (β: −4.6; 95% CI: 0.0, 9.3) and 3LGI (β: −3.4; 95% CI: 0.0, 6.8) conditions had fewer lapses during the PVT-B than those in the 3HGI condition. No differences were found between meal conditions for median and reciprocal reaction time or subjective alertness. All 4 conditions reported less hunger (β: from −0.6 to −1.2) compared with no meal. The 3LGI condition resulted in more rumbling intestines than the 3HGI (β: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.4, 1.7) and 0NGI (β: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.11, 1.37) conditions.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that consuming 3 small low GI meals during the night shift helps maintain alertness and reduces lapses compared with 3 high GI meals. It also minimizes hunger but may cause mild gastrointestinal complaints.

This trial was registered at International Clinical Trial Registry (https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID%3dNL-OMON25574).

查看原文本刊更多论文

夜班期间进餐频率和血糖生成指数对女性医护人员警觉性、饥饿感和胃肠道不适的影响--一项双臂随机交叉试验。

背景：夜班工人的营养策略可以优化他们的警觉性，减少饥饿感和肠胃不适：夜班工人的营养策略可以提高警觉性、减少饥饿感和胃肠道不适，从而提高安全性和幸福感：研究低血糖生成指数（GI）或高血糖生成指数（GI）的一餐或三餐与不进餐相比，对夜班期间警觉性、饥饿感和胃肠道不适的影响：51名年龄在18至61岁之间的女性医护人员参与了一项双臂随机交叉设计。其中一个研究组的参与者在夜班期间只吃一顿酸奶，另一个研究组的参与者则吃三顿酸奶。每个研究组在夜班期间进行三次干预，参与者分别食用含有低 GI（1LGI 或 3LGI）、高 GI（1HGI 或 3HGI）碳水化合物或无餐（0NGI）的酸奶。客观警觉性采用经过验证的简短精神运动警觉性任务（PVT-B）进行评估，主观警觉性采用 Samn-Perelli 量表进行评估，饥饿感和胃肠道不适则通过问卷调查进行评估：1LGI（ß -4.6；95% CI 0.0，9.3）和3LGI（ß -3.4；95% CI 0.0，6.8）条件下的参与者在PVT-B中的失误少于3HGI条件下的参与者。在中位反应时间和对等反应时间以及主观警觉性方面，各进餐条件之间没有发现差异。与不进餐相比，所有四种进餐条件下的饥饿感都较低（ß 从-0.6 到-1.2）。与3HGI（ß 1.1; 95% CI 0.4, 1.7）和0NGI（ß 0.74; 95% CI 0.11, 1.37）相比，3LGI条件下的肠道咕噜声更大：我们的研究表明，与三顿高 GI 餐相比，夜班期间进食三顿少量低 GI 餐有助于保持警觉，减少失眠。https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NL-OMON25574。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

260

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.