Similar In Vitro Ileal Fermentation Outcomes Validate the Use of a Pig Ileal Inoculum in an In Vitro Fermentation Assay for the Adult Human

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.028

Anna ME Hoogeveen , Paul J Moughan , Natascha Stroebinger , Suzanne M Hodgkinson , Warren C McNabb , Carlos A Montoya

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Abstract

Background

An in vivo/in vitro ileal fermentation assay using growing pigs has shown important fermentability and organic acid production. This assay could be used to study human foods but needs validation.

Objectives

To validate using a pig inoculum for studying human ileal fermentation by comparing the in vitro fermentation of fibre substrates using ileal inocula prepared from growing pigs or human ileostomates.

Methods

Ten pigs (19 ± 4.5 kg bodyweight, mean ± standard deviation) received a diet containing human foods. After 2 wk, ileal digesta were collected 5 h postmeal. Five recruited human ileostomates incorporated the same human foods into their diet for a week before consuming 2 meals similar to the pigs’ diet. Ileal effluents were then collected from 2 to 6 h postmeal. The porcine ileal digesta and human ileal effluents were used for microbial analysis and in vitro fermentation of arabinogalactan, fructooligosaccharides, and pectin.

Results

The in vitro organic matter fermentability of arabinogalactan, fructooligosaccharides, and pectin was similar (P > 0.05) between the pig and human ileal inocula (34 ± 2.13% on mean). Regardless of substrates, the propionic and lactic acid production was similar between humans and pigs (P > 0.05). Ninety percent of the ileal bacterial genera were found in similar (P > 0.05) numbers in pigs and human ileostomates, which accords with the similar (P > 0.05) Shannon diversity index and predicted metabolic activity. However, some of the most abundant genera were different between species, such as Granulicatella which had 83-fold greater (P ≤ 0.05) numbers in human ileostomates, and Lactobacillus had 272-fold greater (P ≤ 0.05) numbers in pigs.

Conclusions

The in vitro ileal fermentation patterns were similar across species despite some ileal microbial compositional differences, suggesting that the growing pig could be used as a model to provide an ileal inoculum for studying ileal fermentation in adult humans.

This trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials registry as ACTRN12622000813785.

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类似的体外回肠发酵结果验证了在成人体外发酵试验中使用猪回肠接种物的有效性。

背景：一项利用生长猪进行的体内/体外回肠发酵试验显示了重要的发酵性和有机酸产量。该试验可用于研究人类食品，但需要验证：通过比较使用生长猪或人类回肠造口患者的回肠接种体对纤维基质的体外发酵情况，验证使用猪接种体研究人类回肠发酵的有效性：方法：10 头猪（19±4.5 千克体重，平均值±SD）接受含有人类食物的饮食。两周后，在餐后 5 小时收集回肠消化液。五名被招募的人类回肠造口患者在饮食中添加相同的人类食物一周后，再食用与猪饮食类似的两餐。然后在餐后 2-6 小时收集回肠排泄物。猪回肠消化液和人回肠流出物用于微生物分析和阿拉伯半乳聚糖（AG）、果寡糖（FOS）和果胶（PEC）的体外发酵：结果：AG、FOS 和 PEC 的体外有机物发酵率在猪和人的回肠接种体中相似（P > 0.05）（平均为 34±2.13%）。无论基质如何，人和猪的丙酸和乳酸产量相似（P > 0.05）。90%的回肠细菌属在猪和人的回肠造口患者中数量相似（P > 0.05），这与相似的香农多样性指数（P > 0.05）和预测的代谢活性相符。然而，一些含量最高的菌属在不同物种之间存在差异，如在人的回肠造口菌中，Granulicatella的数量是人的83倍（P≤0.05），而在猪的回肠造口菌中，乳酸杆菌的数量是人的272倍（P≤0.05）：结论：尽管回肠微生物组成存在一些差异，但不同物种的体外回肠发酵模式相似，这表明生长猪可作为模型，为研究成年人类的回肠发酵提供回肠接种体：在澳大利亚-新西兰临床试验注册中心（https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=384165）的 ACTRN12622000813785 下注册。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

260

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.