How to utilize current guidelines to manage patients with cancer at high risk for heart failure.

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) in patients with cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The success of cancer therapy has resulted in an exponential rise in the population of cancer survivors, however cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now a major life limiting condition more than 5 years after cancer diagnosis [Sturgeon, Deng, Bluethmann, et al 40(48):3889-3897, 2019]. Prevention and early detection of CVD, including cardiomyopathy (CM) and HF is of paramount importance. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published guidelines on Cardio-Oncology (CO) [Lyon, López-Fernández, Couch, et al 43(41):4229-4361, 2022] detailing cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification, prevention, monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment throughout the course and following completion of cancer therapy. Here we utilize a case to summarize aspects of the ESC guideline relevant to HF clinicians, with a focus on risk stratification, early detection, prevention of CM and HF, and the role for guideline directed medical therapy in patients with cancer.