Design of casein-based nanocarriers for targeted delivery of daunorubicin to leukemia cells.

IF 3.2 4区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biotechnology and applied biochemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1002/bab.2662

Ali Beigrezaei, Ronak Rafipour

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Abstract

Daunorubicin (DAU) is a chemotherapy drug approved for the treatment of some cancers. However, the clinical compatibility of DAU is limited due to its lack of specificity and its highly toxic effects, which interfere with normal cells. This toxicity can be reduced with nanocarriers and targeted drug delivery systems. In this study, to develop the drug delivery of DAU, the surface of synthesized nanoparticles was modified by folic acid to target cancer cells optimally. Encapsulation of DAU in protein sodium caseinate (NaCAS) was done by adding calcium ions to bring the casein (CAS) in the solution to a micellar structure to synthesize dense nanoparticles. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy transmission, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and zeta potential studies designed and distinguished the synthesized nanocomplexes. The results showed that CAS nanoparticles successfully encapsulated DAU, and the protein surface was targeted by folic acid. Light scattering analysis determined that the particles with a scattering index number of 306.0 and an average size of 8.117 nm were synthesized. The zeta potential of CAS micelles is more harmful than CAS nanoparticles. This is because calcium ions are added during the formation of CAS nanoparticles during the drug-loading stages. These studies prove that the synthesized "NaCAS-DAU" and "NaCAS-DAU-folic acid" complexes can be favorable carriers in the targeted drug delivery of cancer drugs.

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设计基于酪蛋白的纳米载体，向白血病细胞靶向输送多柔比星。

多柔比星（DAU）是一种获准用于治疗某些癌症的化疗药物。然而，由于 DAU 缺乏特异性，且具有剧毒作用，会干扰正常细胞，因此其临床相容性有限。纳米载体和靶向给药系统可以降低这种毒性。在本研究中，为了开发 DAU 的药物递送，合成的纳米粒子表面经叶酸修饰，以最佳方式靶向癌细胞。通过添加钙离子使溶液中的酪蛋白（CAS）形成胶束结构，将 DAU 包封在蛋白质酪蛋白酸钠（NaCAS）中，从而合成致密的纳米颗粒。傅立叶变换红外光谱透射、荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜和 zeta 电位研究设计并区分了合成的纳米复合物。结果表明，CAS 纳米粒子成功地封装了 DAU，蛋白质表面被叶酸靶向。光散射分析表明，合成的颗粒散射指数为 306.0，平均粒径为 8.117 nm。CAS 胶束的 zeta 电位比 CAS 纳米粒子更有害。这是因为在 CAS 纳米粒子的形成过程中，在药物负载阶段加入了钙离子。这些研究证明，合成的 "NaCAS-DAU "和 "NaCAS-DAU-叶酸 "复合物可作为抗癌药物靶向给药的有利载体。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biotechnology and applied biochemistry 工程技术-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

7.10%

发文量

117

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Published since 1979, Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry is dedicated to the rapid publication of high quality, significant research at the interface between life sciences and their technological exploitation. The Editors will consider papers for publication based on their novelty and impact as well as their contribution to the advancement of medical biotechnology and industrial biotechnology, covering cutting-edge research in synthetic biology, systems biology, metabolic engineering, bioengineering, biomaterials, biosensing, and nano-biotechnology.