Yeonjae Lee, Rangyeon Lee, Jieun Kim, Yong-Hyun Han, Christopher Hunter, Jeongho Park
{"title":"Comparative analysis of changes in immune cell in the chicken spleen across different ages using flow cytometry.","authors":"Yeonjae Lee, Rangyeon Lee, Jieun Kim, Yong-Hyun Han, Christopher Hunter, Jeongho Park","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04287-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Concurrent emerging and reemerging avian infectious diseases cause multiple risk factors in poultry. A body amount studies attempted to understand pathogen-associated immunity in chickens. Recent research has made progress in identifying immune functions in chicken, there are still gaps in knowledge, especially regarding immune responses during infectious diseases. A deeper understanding in chicken immune system is critical for improving disease control strategies and vaccine development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study proposes analytical method for chicken splenocytes, enabling the tracking changes in T cells, monocytes, and B cells across three ages. Optimized lymphocyte-activating conditions were suggested using concanavalin A and chicken interleikin-2, which facilitate immune cell activation and proliferation. Next, splenocytes from embryonic day 18, day 5, and day 30 were compared using surface markers and flow cytometry analysis. We observed an increase in T cell subsets, including activated T cells (CD4<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup>), and B cells, along with a reduced monocyte population after hatching. However, morphological changes and genetic expression of functional immune molecules were limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present findings on chicken immune system development offer valuable insights into the avian immune system, including analytical methods and the phenotypic and functional changes in immune cells. Updated immune-boosting strategies during the early stages of life are crucial for developing preventive measures against major infectious diseases in the poultry industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438354/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Veterinary Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04287-2","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Concurrent emerging and reemerging avian infectious diseases cause multiple risk factors in poultry. A body amount studies attempted to understand pathogen-associated immunity in chickens. Recent research has made progress in identifying immune functions in chicken, there are still gaps in knowledge, especially regarding immune responses during infectious diseases. A deeper understanding in chicken immune system is critical for improving disease control strategies and vaccine development.
Results: This study proposes analytical method for chicken splenocytes, enabling the tracking changes in T cells, monocytes, and B cells across three ages. Optimized lymphocyte-activating conditions were suggested using concanavalin A and chicken interleikin-2, which facilitate immune cell activation and proliferation. Next, splenocytes from embryonic day 18, day 5, and day 30 were compared using surface markers and flow cytometry analysis. We observed an increase in T cell subsets, including activated T cells (CD4+CD44+ and CD8+CD44+), and B cells, along with a reduced monocyte population after hatching. However, morphological changes and genetic expression of functional immune molecules were limited.
Conclusions: The present findings on chicken immune system development offer valuable insights into the avian immune system, including analytical methods and the phenotypic and functional changes in immune cells. Updated immune-boosting strategies during the early stages of life are crucial for developing preventive measures against major infectious diseases in the poultry industry.
背景:同时出现和再次出现的禽类传染病会给家禽带来多种风险因素。大量研究试图了解鸡体内与病原体相关的免疫功能。最近的研究在确定鸡的免疫功能方面取得了进展,但仍然存在知识空白,尤其是在传染病发生时的免疫反应方面。深入了解鸡的免疫系统对于改进疾病控制策略和疫苗开发至关重要:本研究提出了鸡脾细胞的分析方法,可追踪三个年龄段的 T 细胞、单核细胞和 B 细胞的变化。研究提出了优化的淋巴细胞活化条件,即使用能促进免疫细胞活化和增殖的 concanavalin A 和鸡白细胞介素-2。接着,使用表面标记物和流式细胞术分析比较了胚胎第 18 天、第 5 天和第 30 天的脾细胞。我们观察到孵化后 T 细胞亚群(包括活化 T 细胞(CD4+CD44+ 和 CD8+CD44+))和 B 细胞增加,单核细胞数量减少。然而,形态学变化和功能性免疫分子的基因表达却很有限:目前关于鸡免疫系统发育的研究结果为禽类免疫系统提供了宝贵的见解,包括分析方法以及免疫细胞的表型和功能变化。生命早期阶段的最新免疫增强策略对于制定家禽业主要传染病的预防措施至关重要。
期刊介绍:
BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.