Prenatal and Postnatal Opinions and Experiences of Women With Multiple Sclerosis: A Phenomenological Study.

María Magdalena Morante-Herrera, Jose Manuel Martínez-Linares, Isabel María López-Medina
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Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis is an irreversible autoimmune disease with significant physical, psychological, and social impacts. Understanding the lived experiences of pregnant women with multiple sclerosis is vital for healthcare professionals to provide better care to these women.

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the lived experiences of pregnant women with multiple sclerosis.

Methods: A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted at the University of Jaén and included 17 women from different Spanish provinces who were recruited using intentional and snowball sampling methods via national patient associations and social networks. In-depth interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Martins' three steps. The ATLAS.ti 7.0 program was used for data analysis.

Results: Two themes and seven subthemes were identified that highlighted the experiences of women in pregnancy with multiple sclerosis: (a) the influence of the disease on the decision to be a mother, with subthemes "The disease determines when to be a mother" and "Considering alternatives to spontaneous pregnancy," and (b) the vision of motherhood with multiple sclerosis, with subthemes "Worry about how the disease can affect the pregnancy," "Worry about how the pregnancy can affect the disease," "Concerns about childbirth," "Difficulty with breastfeeding," and "Worry about the transmission of the disease."

Conclusions/implications for practice: Women with multiple sclerosis often face a difficult decision regarding whether to become pregnant. The period of pregnancy and puerperium can be fraught with anxiety, especially in terms of concerns about their ability to raise children. In light of the limited scientific evidence regarding the relationship between multiple sclerosis and pregnancy and the conflicting advice often given to these women, the findings of this study may be used to help improve the quality of the care provided to this population.

多发性硬化症妇女产前和产后的观点和经历:现象学研究。
背景介绍多发性硬化症是一种不可逆转的自身免疫性疾病,对患者的身体、心理和社会都有重大影响。了解多发性硬化症孕妇的生活经历对于医护人员为这些妇女提供更好的护理至关重要:哈恩大学开展了一项描述性现象学研究,通过全国患者协会和社交网络,采用有意抽样和滚雪球抽样方法,招募了来自西班牙不同省份的 17 名妇女。研究采用马丁斯的三个步骤进行了深度访谈、录音、转录和分析。采用 ATLAS.ti 7.0 程序进行数据分析:结果:确定了两个主题和七个次主题,突出了妊娠期多发性硬化症妇女的经历:(a) 疾病对成为母亲的决定的影响,副主题为 "疾病决定何时成为母亲 "和 "考虑自然怀孕的替代方案";(b) 患有多发性硬化症的母亲的愿景,副主题为 "担心疾病会影响怀孕"、"担心怀孕会影响疾病"、"对分娩的担忧"、"母乳喂养的困难 "和 "担心疾病的传播"。"结论/对实践的影响:患有多发性硬化症的妇女往往在是否怀孕的问题上面临艰难的抉择。怀孕和产褥期可能充满焦虑,尤其是担心自己是否有能力抚养孩子。鉴于有关多发性硬化症与怀孕之间关系的科学证据有限,而且对这些妇女的建议往往相互矛盾,因此本研究的结果可用于帮助提高为这类人群提供的护理质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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