An Alternative Diagnostic Test rather than 24 hours Urinary Protein to Detect Massive Proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.

Abstract

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Paediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Bangladesh from February 2016 to December 2016 to detect massive proteinuria by spot urinary protein creatinine ratio as an alternative diagnostic test to 24 hrs urinary total protein in nephrotic syndrome. Fifty one (51) children aged 2 to 12 years admitted with 1st episode of nephrotic syndrome in the pediatric department of MMCH were included in this by purposive sampling technique. All the patients were asked to give a 24 hours urine sample. After this collection the next spot urine samples were collected for protein and creatinine estimation. Among 51 patients 33 were male and 18 were female. The mean age was 5.5+2.3 years. The entire patient had normal renal function. The mean 24 hours urinary protein level was 3.8±1.7 gm/m²/24 hours, the mean spot urinary protein-creatinine ratio was 5.4±2.5. Mean serum albumin was 1.8±0.6 gm/dl and the mean serum cholesterol was 357.6±74.7 mg/dl. The spot urinary protein creatinine ratio was increased with the increase in the amount of 24 hours urinary total protein and a strong positive Pearson correlation (r=0.805) was found. In all the cases of nephrotic syndrome spot urinary protein creatinine ratio were found more than 2. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the determination of the spot urinary protein-creatinine ratio can replace the 24 hours urine collection in the quantitation of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome.