Modelling the temperature dependent extrinsic incubation period of West Nile Virus using Bayesian time delay models

IF 14.3 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Maisie Vollans , Julie Day , Susie Cant , Jordan Hood , A. Marm Kilpatrick , Laura D. Kramer , Alexander Vaux , Jolyon Medlock , Thomas Ward , Robert S. Paton
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Abstract

West Nile Virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that primarily infects birds. Infections can spillover to humans and cause a spectrum of clinical symptoms, including WNV neuroinvasive disease. The extrinsic incubation period (EIP) is the time taken for a mosquito to become infectious following the ingestion of an infected blood meal. Characterising how the EIP varies with temperature is an essential part of predicting the impact and transmission dynamics of WNV. We re-analyse existing experimental data using Bayesian time delay models, allowing us to account for variation in how quickly individual mosquitoes developed disseminated WNV infections. In these experiments, cohorts of Culex pipiens mosquitoes were infected with WNV and kept under different temperature conditions, being checked for disseminated infection at defined timepoints. We find that EIPs are best described with a Weibull distribution and become shorter log-linearly with temperature. Under 18°C, less than 1% of infected Cx. pipiens had a disseminated infection after 5 days, compared to 9.73% (95% CrI: 7.97 to 11.54) at 25°C and 42.20% (95% CrI: 38.32 to 46.60) at 30°C. In the hottest experimental temperature treatment (32°C), the EIP50 was estimated at 3.78 days (CrI: 3.42 to 4.15) compared to over 100 days in the coolest treatment (15°C). The variance of EIPs was found to be much larger at lower temperatures than higher temperatures, highlighting the importance of characterising the time delay distribution associated with the EIP. We additionally demonstrate a competitive advantage of WNV strain WN02 over NY99, where the former infects mosquitoes more quickly at colder temperatures than the latter. This research contributes crucial parameters to the WNV literature, providing essential insights for modellers and those planning interventions.
利用贝叶斯时间延迟模型模拟西尼罗河病毒随温度变化的外在潜伏期。
西尼罗河病毒(WNV)是一种由蚊子传播的病原体,主要感染鸟类。感染可波及人类,并引起一系列临床症状,包括西尼罗河病毒神经侵袭性疾病。体外潜伏期(EIP)是指蚊子在摄入受感染的血餐后产生传染性的时间。描述 EIP 如何随温度变化是预测 WNV 影响和传播动态的重要部分。我们利用贝叶斯时间延迟模型对现有实验数据进行了重新分析,使我们能够考虑到单个蚊子感染 WNV 的速度变化。在这些实验中,成群的库蚊感染了 WNV 病毒,并在不同的温度条件下饲养,在规定的时间点检查是否有传播感染。我们发现,EIPs 最适合用 Weibull 分布来描述,并随温度的升高而呈对数线性缩短。在 18ºC 温度条件下,受感染的蝰蛇在 5 天后扩散感染的比例不到 1%,而在 25ºC 温度条件下为 9.73%(95% 置信区间:7.97 至 11.54),在 30ºC 温度条件下为 42.20%(95% 置信区间:38.32 至 46.60)。在最热的实验温度处理(32ºC)中,EIP50 估计为 3.78 天(CrI:3.42 至 4.15),而在最冷的处理(15ºC)中,EIP50 超过 100 天。研究发现,低温条件下的 EIP 方差比高温条件下的 EIP 方差大得多,这突出表明了确定与 EIP 相关的时间延迟分布特征的重要性。我们还证明了 WNV 株系 WN02 相对于 NY99 的竞争优势,前者在低温下感染蚊子的速度比后者更快。这项研究为 WNV 文献提供了重要参数,为建模者和计划干预者提供了重要见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Infection
Journal of Infection 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
45.90
自引率
3.20%
发文量
475
审稿时长
16 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Infection publishes original papers on all aspects of infection - clinical, microbiological and epidemiological. The Journal seeks to bring together knowledge from all specialties involved in infection research and clinical practice, and present the best work in the ever-changing field of infection. Each issue brings you Editorials that describe current or controversial topics of interest, high quality Reviews to keep you in touch with the latest developments in specific fields of interest, an Epidemiology section reporting studies in the hospital and the general community, and a lively correspondence section.
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