33P-isotope labelling ammonium phosphate fertilizers reveals majority of early growth maize phosphorus is soil-derived

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE
Neha Chatterjee, Chongyang Li, Andrew J. Margenot
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Abstract

In soils managed to have adequate to high Mehlich-3 phosphorus (P) concentrations throughout the US Maize Belt, the majority of crop P is soil-derived. Struvite, a low water solubility ammonium phosphate fertilizer, may be therefore substituted for relatively high water-soluble monoammonium phosphate (MAP) without adversely impacting maize (Zea mays L.) P uptake and growth, while minimizing fertilizer P loss risk. We determined the relative contribution of struvite and MAP to maize P uptake and soil solution P in soils representative of the US Maize Belt by radiolabelling fertilizers with 33P. We found 8% (struvite) to 22% (MAP) of early-to-mid vegetative growth stage (V7) maize P was fertilizer-derived, and thus, 78%–92% was soil-derived. Despite similar aboveground P uptake and maize growth, maize P use efficiency (PUE) determined directly by 33P was <5% for MAP (4.9%) and struvite (1.9%) indicating that in soils with adequate to high crop-available P, early season fertilizer PUE is relatively low. If prorated to harvest stage, in-season PUE was estimated to be 8% for struvite and 20% for MAP. MAP and struvite did not differ in relative contributions to water-extractable P, a proxy for P loss risk, potentially reflecting lag effects in struvite P dissolution and/or the relatively fine particle size of synthesized fertilizers (<0.1 mm diameter). Since maize aboveground biomass and P uptake were similar for both struvite and MAP, struvite could be an effective P fertilizer for soils with adequate to high Mehlich-3 P concentrations common across the US Maize Belt.

Abstract Image

对磷铵肥料进行 33P 同位素标记显示,玉米生长初期的磷大部分来自土壤
在整个美国玉米带,土壤中的 Mehlich-3 磷(P)浓度从充足到较高,作物的大部分磷都来自土壤。因此,可以用水溶性较低的磷铵肥料石灰岩替代水溶性相对较高的磷酸一铵(MAP),而不会对玉米(Zea mays L.)的磷吸收和生长产生不利影响,同时最大限度地降低肥料磷流失的风险。我们通过用 33P 对肥料进行放射性标记,确定了美国玉米带代表性土壤中的硬石膏和 MAP 对玉米钾吸收和土壤溶液钾的相对贡献。我们发现,在早期至中期无性生长阶段(V7)的玉米钾元素中,8%(铁矾土)至 22%(MAP)来自肥料,因此 78%-92% 来自土壤。尽管地表钾吸收量和玉米生长情况相似,但直接用 33P 测定的玉米钾利用效率(PUE)在 MAP(4.9%)和石灰岩(1.9%)中分别为 5%和 5%,这表明在作物可利用钾充足或较高的土壤中,早期肥料的钾利用效率相对较低。如果按收获期的比例计算,估计石灰岩的季内 PUE 为 8%,MAP 为 20%。MAP 和硬石膏对水提取磷(磷损失风险的替代物)的相对贡献没有差异,这可能反映了硬石膏溶解磷的滞后效应和/或合成肥料相对较细的粒度(直径为 0.1 毫米)。由于玉米的地上生物量和对钾的吸收量对于硬石膏和 MAP 都是相似的,因此对于美国玉米带常见的 Mehlich-3 P 浓度足够高的土壤来说,硬石膏可能是一种有效的钾肥。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Soil Science
European Journal of Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.80%
发文量
117
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: The EJSS is an international journal that publishes outstanding papers in soil science that advance the theoretical and mechanistic understanding of physical, chemical and biological processes and their interactions in soils acting from molecular to continental scales in natural and managed environments.
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