Light-Induced Complete Reversal of Ferroelectric Polarization in Sliding Ferroelectrics

Abstract

Previous experiments have provided evidence of sliding ferroelectricity and photoexcited interlayer shear displacement in two-dimensional materials, respectively. Herein, we find that a complete reversal of vertical ferroelectric polarization can be achieved within an astonishing 0.5 ps in $h\text{−}\mathrm{BN}$ bilayer by laser illumination. Comprehensive analysis suggests that ferroelectric polarization switching originates from laser-induced interlayer sliding triggered by selective excitation of multiple phonons. The interlayer electron excitation from the $p_z$ orbitals of the upper layer N atoms to the $p_z$ orbitals of the lower layer B atoms produces desirable and directional interlayer forces activating the in-plane optical TO-1 and LO-1 phonon modes. The atomic motions driven by the coupling of TO-1 and LO-1 modes are coherent with ferroelectric soft mode, thus modulating the dynamical potential energy surface and resulting in ultrafast ferroelectric polarization reversal. Our work provides a novel microscopic insight into ultrafast polarization switching in sliding ferroelectrics.