Lignin and its carbon derivatives: Synthesis techniques and their energy storage applications

IF 7.1 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.mtsust.2024.100990

Muhammad Muddasar , Mario Culebras , Maurice N. Collins

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Abstract

Lignin, a complex phenolic polymer abundantly present in the papermaking and biofuel industries, stands out as a cost-effective, plentiful, and non-toxic material. In recent years, there has been significant interest in utilizing this green biopolymer for energy storage devices. This review thoroughly examines lignin structure, chemistry, and classification based on separation techniques. It then explores the most recent breakthroughs in creating carbon materials (nanosheets, nanofibers, spheres, composites, and 3D hierarchical porous carbon) from lignin, discussing its versatility in supercapacitors and batteries. Finally, this study highlights future materials and their prospects, the critical challenges which must be addressed while suggesting future research avenues for lignin-derived carbon materials in energy storage. By combining insights from different studies, this review aims to offer readers a thorough understanding of how lignin-derived carbon materials could play a crucial role in promoting sustainable energy solutions.

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木质素及其碳衍生物：合成技术及其储能应用

木质素是一种复杂的酚醛聚合物，大量存在于造纸和生物燃料工业中，是一种成本效益高、含量丰富且无毒的材料。近年来，人们对利用这种绿色生物聚合物制造储能装置产生了浓厚的兴趣。本综述深入研究了木质素的结构、化学性质以及基于分离技术的分类。然后探讨了利用木质素制造碳材料（纳米片、纳米纤维、球体、复合材料和三维分层多孔碳）的最新突破，讨论了木质素在超级电容器和电池中的多功能性。最后，本研究强调了未来的材料及其前景、必须应对的关键挑战，同时提出了木质素衍生碳材料在能源存储领域的未来研究途径。通过结合不同研究的见解，本综述旨在让读者全面了解木质素衍生碳材料如何在促进可持续能源解决方案方面发挥关键作用。

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来源期刊

Materials Today Sustainability Multiple-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

6.40%

发文量

174

审稿时长

32 days

期刊介绍： Materials Today Sustainability is a multi-disciplinary journal covering all aspects of sustainability through materials science. With a rapidly increasing population with growing demands, materials science has emerged as a critical discipline toward protecting of the environment and ensuring the long term survival of future generations.