Transcriptional junk: Waste or a key regulator in diverse biological processes?

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102639

Anwesha Anyatama, Tapasya Datta, Shambhavi Dwivedi, Prabodh Kumar Trivedi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Plant genomes, through their evolutionary journey, have developed a complex composition that includes not only protein-coding sequences but also a significant amount of non-coding DNA, repetitive sequences, and transposable elements, traditionally labeled as “junk DNA”. RNA molecules from these regions, labeled as “transcriptional junk,” include non-coding RNAs, alternatively spliced transcripts, untranslated regions (UTRs), and short open reading frames (sORFs). However, recent research shows that this genetic material plays crucial roles in gene regulation, affecting plant growth, development, hormonal balance, and responses to stresses. Additionally, some of these regulatory regions encode small proteins, such as miRNA-encoded peptides (miPEPs) and microProteins (miPs), which interact with DNA or nuclear proteins, leading to chromatin remodeling and modulation of gene expression. This review aims to consolidate our understanding of the diverse roles that these so-called “transcriptional junk” regions play in regulating various physiological processes in plants.

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转录垃圾：垃圾还是各种生物过程的关键调节器？

植物基因组在进化过程中形成了复杂的组成，不仅包括蛋白质编码序列，还包括大量非编码 DNA、重复序列和可转座元件（传统上称为 "垃圾 DNA"）。这些区域的 RNA 分子被称为 "转录垃圾"，包括非编码 RNA、替代剪接转录本、非翻译区（UTR）和短开放阅读框（sORF）。然而，最近的研究表明，这些遗传物质在基因调控中发挥着至关重要的作用，影响着植物的生长、发育、激素平衡和对胁迫的反应。此外，这些调控区中有一些编码小蛋白，如 miRNA 编码肽（miPEPs）和微蛋白（miPs），它们与 DNA 或核蛋白相互作用，导致染色质重塑和基因表达调控。本综述旨在巩固我们对这些所谓的 "转录垃圾 "区域在调控植物各种生理过程中所起的不同作用的认识。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current opinion in plant biology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

16.30

自引率

3.20%

发文量

131

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Plant Biology builds on Elsevier's reputation for excellence in scientific publishing and long-standing commitment to communicating high quality reproducible research. It is part of the Current Opinion and Research (CO+RE) suite of journals. All CO+RE journals leverage the Current Opinion legacy - of editorial excellence, high-impact, and global reach - to ensure they are a widely read resource that is integral to scientists' workflow.