The transcription factor CAMTA2 interacts with the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and regulates grain weight in wheat

Ruijie Zhang, Kexin An, Yujiao Gao, Zhaoheng Zhang, Xiaobang Zhang, Xue Zhang, Vincenzo Rossi, Yuan Cao, Jun Xiao, Mingming Xin, Jinkun Du, Zhaorong Hu, Jie Liu, Huiru Peng, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Yingyin Yao
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Abstract

Grain weight and size are major traits targeted in breeding to improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. Here, we find that the histone acetyltransferase GENERAL CONTROL NONDEREPRESSIBLE 5 (GCN5) physically interacts with the calmodulin-binding transcription factor CAMTA2 and regulates wheat grain size and weight. gcn5 mutant grains were smaller and contained less starch. GCN5 promoted the expression of the starch biosynthesis genes SUCROSE SYNTHASE 2 (Sus2) and STARCH-BRANCHING ENZYME Ic (SBEIc) by regulating H3K9ac and H3K14ac levels in their promoters. Moreover, immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry (IP–MS) revealed that CAMTA2 physically interacts with GCN5. The CAMTA2–GCN5 complex activated Sus2 and SBEIc by directly binding to their promoters and depositing H3K9ac and H3K14ac marks during wheat endosperm development. camta2 knockout mutants exhibited similar phenotypes to gcn5 mutants, including smaller grains that contained less starch. In gcn5 mutants, transcripts of high molecular weight (HMW) Glutenin (Glu) genes were downregulated, leading to reduced HMW glutenin protein levels, gluten content, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation volume. However, the association of GCN5 with Glu genes was independent of CAMTA2, since GCN5 enrichment on Glu promoters was unchanged in camta2 knockouts. Finally, we identified a CAMTA2-AH3 elite allele that corresponded with enhanced grain size and weight, serving as a candidate gene for breeding wheat varieties with improved grain weight.
转录因子 CAMTA2 与组蛋白乙酰转移酶 GCN5 相互作用并调节小麦的粒重
粒重和粒径是提高小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)产量的主要育种目标性状。在这里,我们发现组蛋白乙酰转移酶 GENERAL CONTROL NONDEREPRESSIBLE 5(GCN5)与钙调蛋白结合转录因子 CAMTA2 有物理相互作用,并能调节小麦的粒度和重量。GCN5 通过调节淀粉生物合成基因 SUCROSE SYNTHASE 2(Sus2)和 STARCH-BRANCHING ENZYME Ic(SBEIc)启动子中的 H3K9ac 和 H3K14ac 水平,促进了这两个基因的表达。此外,免疫沉淀后质谱分析(IP-MS)显示,CAMTA2 与 GCN5 存在物理相互作用。在小麦胚乳发育过程中,CAMTA2-GCN5复合物通过直接与Sus2和SBEIc的启动子结合并沉积H3K9ac和H3K14ac标记,激活了它们。在 gcn5 突变体中,高分子量(HMW)谷蛋白(Glu)基因的转录物下调,导致高分子量谷蛋白水平、谷蛋白含量和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)沉降体积降低。然而,GCN5 与 Glu 基因的关联与 CAMTA2 无关,因为 GCN5 在 Glu 启动子上的富集在 camta2 基因敲除子中没有变化。最后,我们发现了一个 CAMTA2-AH3 精英等位基因,它与粒径和粒重的增加相对应,可作为培育粒重增加的小麦品种的候选基因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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