Thinking beyond general greenness: The nuanced associations between a variety of greenspaces and cardiovascular diseases across urbanicity

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105223

Yuwen Yang , Bin Jiang , Lan Wang , Yuyu Zhou , Bo Li , Peng Gong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death globally. Exposure to greenspaces has been proposed to be beneficial for CVDs. However, past studies have often overlooked how varying levels of urbanicity may differently impact the relationships between greenspaces and cardiovascular health. Moreover, different types of greenspaces uniquely affect people’s behaviors and psychological wellbeing, potentially yielding distinct effects on CVDs.

This study investigates the associations between population-weighted exposure to various types of greenspaces and prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in the US at tract level, and whether these associations are modified by urbanicity.

We identified a contrasting difference in health effects between greenspaces inside and outside park. Neighbourhoods with more forest (CHD β = −2.99, 95 % CI: −4.25, −1.73; stroke β = −1.85, 95 % CI: −2.56, −1.13) and open space (CHD β = −4.31, 95 % CI: −5.49, −3.14; stroke β = −2.33, 95 % CI: −3.00, −1.66) inside park were associated with a lower prevalence of CVDs, whereas more forest (CHD β = 7.67, 95 % CI: 5.81, 9.54; stroke β = 3.01, 95 % CI: 1.95, 4.07) and open space (CHD β = 11.52, 95 % CI: 9.99, 13.05; stroke β = 5.77, 95 % CI:4.90, 6.64) outside park were associated with a higher prevalence of CVDs. We observed a reversal pattern across urbanicity: the significant beneficial associations only held in highly urbanized tracts but attenuated or reversed in the three less urbanized tracts.

These findings highlight a need to prioritize investment in parks within walking distance to urban residents and improve the accessibility and design of rural greenspaces. We propose the Landscape Compensation Effect, which may serve as a new theoretical framework to guide future research and design practices of greenspaces to promote the cardiovascular health of both urban and rural residents.

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超越一般绿化的思考：不同城市中各种绿地与心血管疾病之间的微妙联系

心血管疾病（CVDs）是导致全球死亡的主要原因。接触绿地被认为对心血管疾病有益。然而，以往的研究往往忽略了不同的城市化水平会如何对绿地与心血管健康之间的关系产生不同的影响。此外，不同类型的绿地会对人们的行为和心理健康产生独特的影响，从而可能对心血管疾病产生不同的影响。本研究调查了美国人口加权暴露于不同类型绿地与冠心病（CHD）和中风发病率之间的关系，以及这些关系是否会因城市化程度而改变。我们发现了公园内外绿地对健康影响的差异。公园内有更多森林（慢性阻塞性肺病 β = -2.99，95 % CI：-4.25，-1.73；中风 β =-1.85，95 % CI：-2.56，-1.13）和开放空间（慢性阻塞性肺病 β = -4.31，95 % CI：-5.49，-3.14；中风 β =-2.33，95 % CI：-3.00，-1.66）与较低的心血管疾病发病率相关，而公园外较多的森林（冠心病 β = 7.67，95 % CI：5.81，9.54；脑卒中 β = 3.01，95 % CI：1.95，4.07）和开放空间（冠心病 β = 11.52，95 % CI：9.99，13.05；脑卒中 β = 5.77，95 % CI：4.90，6.64）与较高的心血管疾病发病率相关。我们观察到了城市化程度的反向模式：只有在高度城市化的地区才存在显著的有益关联，而在三个城市化程度较低的地区，这种关联则减弱或逆转。我们提出了 "景观补偿效应"，它可以作为一个新的理论框架，指导未来的研究和绿地设计实践，以促进城市和农村居民的心血管健康。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Landscape and Urban Planning 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

15.20

自引率

6.60%

发文量

232

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Landscape and Urban Planning is an international journal that aims to enhance our understanding of landscapes and promote sustainable solutions for landscape change. The journal focuses on landscapes as complex social-ecological systems that encompass various spatial and temporal dimensions. These landscapes possess aesthetic, natural, and cultural qualities that are valued by individuals in different ways, leading to actions that alter the landscape. With increasing urbanization and the need for ecological and cultural sensitivity at various scales, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to comprehend and align social and ecological values for landscape sustainability. The journal believes that combining landscape science with planning and design can yield positive outcomes for both people and nature.