Amazon communities displaced by hydroelectric dams: Implications for environmental changes and householdś livelihood

IF 8.6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102933

Daniel Rondinelli Roquetti , Simone Athayde , José Silva-Lugo , Evandro Mateus Moretto

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Livelihood changes associated with forced displacement caused by large dams occur in a context of socio-environmental transformation, raising the question on how resettled people cope with and adapt while experiencing environmental change. This article analyses how environmental change is connected to householdś livelihood in communities displaced by the Madeira River hydroelectric dams, Santo Antônio and the Jirau, in the Brazilian Amazon. We adopted a mixed methods approach, exploring qualitative and quantitative aspects of the relationship between environmental changes and households’ livelihood. The results indicate the decline of ecosystem-related activities, such as fisheries and floodplain agriculture, through the process of resettlement, period in which took place the major negative environmental impacts of the dams. These overlapped processes contributed to the livelihood displacement experienced by resettled communities, a trend intensified by the resettlement plans addressed by Impact Assessment process that incentivized the adoption of socioeconomic practices that weren’t part of peoples’ livelihoods, such as market-oriented agriculture and pisciculture projects. Such trends call for the urgency of preventing displacement over treating it by mitigation and compensation measures that fail to account immaterial losses, a crucial subject for future research. The results may help improve the revision of the resettlement plans for the studied dams, others in the region and plans for projects yet to come.

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因水电站大坝而流离失所的亚马逊社区：对环境变化和家庭生计的影响

在社会环境发生变化的背景下，大坝造成的被迫迁移引起了生计的变化，这就提出了一个问题，即在经历环境变化的同时，重新安置的人们如何应对和适应环境变化。本文分析了巴西亚马逊地区因马德拉河水电大坝、圣安东尼奥大坝和吉劳大坝而流离失所的社区中，环境变化与家庭生计之间的关系。我们采用了混合方法，从定性和定量两个方面探讨了环境变化与家庭生计之间的关系。结果表明，在重新安置过程中，渔业和洪泛平原农业等与生态系统相关的活动有所减少，而在此期间，大坝对环境造成了严重的负面影响。这些重叠的过程导致了重新安置社区生计的流离失所，而影响评估过程所涉及的重新安置计划又加剧了这一趋势，该计划鼓励采用不属于人们生计的社会经济做法，如以市场为导向的农业和养鱼项目。这种趋势表明，当务之急是防止出现流离失所现象，而不是采取未考虑非物质损失的缓解和补偿措施，这也是未来研究的一个重要课题。研究结果可能有助于更好地修订所研究水坝的重新安置计划、该地区其他水坝的重新安置计划以及未来项目的计划。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Global Environmental Change 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

18.20

自引率

2.20%

发文量

146

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Global Environmental Change is a prestigious international journal that publishes articles of high quality, both theoretically and empirically rigorous. The journal aims to contribute to the understanding of global environmental change from the perspectives of human and policy dimensions. Specifically, it considers global environmental change as the result of processes occurring at the local level, but with wide-ranging impacts on various spatial, temporal, and socio-political scales. In terms of content, the journal seeks articles with a strong social science component. This includes research that examines the societal drivers and consequences of environmental change, as well as social and policy processes that aim to address these challenges. While the journal covers a broad range of topics, including biodiversity and ecosystem services, climate, coasts, food systems, land use and land cover, oceans, urban areas, and water resources, it also welcomes contributions that investigate the drivers, consequences, and management of other areas affected by environmental change. Overall, Global Environmental Change encourages research that deepens our understanding of the complex interactions between human activities and the environment, with the goal of informing policy and decision-making.