Investigating potential auxiliary anaerobic digestion activity of phage under polyvinyl chloride microplastic stress

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135950

Bei Zang, Hang Zhou, Yubin Zhao, Daisuke Sano, Rong Chen

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Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics present in sewage were trapped in sludge, thereby hindering anaerobic digestion performance of waste active sludge (WAS). Phages regulate virocell metabolism by encoding auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) related to energy acquisition and material degradation, supporting hosts survive in harsh environments and play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles. This study investigated the potential effects of phages on the recovery of WAS anaerobic digestion under PVC stress. We observed a significant alteration in the phage community induced by PVC microplastics. Phages encoded AMGs related to anaerobic digestion and cell growth probably alleviate PVC microplastics inhibition on WAS anaerobic digestion, and 54.2% of hydrolysis-related GHs and 40.8% of acidification-related AMGs were actively transcribed in the PVC-exposed group. Additionally, the degradation of chitin and peptidoglycan during hydrolysis and the conversion of glucose to pyruvate during acidification were more susceptible to phages. Prediction of phage-host relationship indicated that the phyla Pseudomonadota were predominantly targeted hosts by hydrolysis-related and acidification-related phages, and PVC toxicity had minimal impact on phage-host interaction. Our findings highlight the importance of phages in anaerobic digestion and provide a novel strategy for using phages in the functional recovery of microplastic-exposed sludge.

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研究聚氯乙烯微塑料压力下噬菌体潜在的辅助厌氧消化活性

污水中的聚氯乙烯（PVC）微塑料被困在污泥中，从而阻碍了废弃活性污泥（WAS）的厌氧消化性能。噬菌体通过编码与能量获取和物质降解相关的辅助代谢基因（AMGs）来调节病毒细胞的新陈代谢，支持宿主在恶劣环境中生存，并在生物地球化学循环中发挥重要作用。本研究调查了噬菌体对聚氯乙烯压力下 WAS 厌氧消化恢复的潜在影响。我们观察到 PVC 微塑料诱导的噬菌体群落发生了重大变化。噬菌体编码的与厌氧消化和细胞生长相关的AMGs可能缓解了PVC微塑料对WAS厌氧消化的抑制作用，在PVC暴露组中，54.2%的水解相关GHs和40.8%的酸化相关AMGs转录活跃。此外，水解过程中甲壳素和肽聚糖的降解以及酸化过程中葡萄糖向丙酮酸的转化更容易受到噬菌体的影响。对噬菌体-宿主关系的预测表明，假单胞菌门主要是水解相关噬菌体和酸化相关噬菌体的目标宿主，而聚氯乙烯的毒性对噬菌体-宿主相互作用的影响微乎其微。我们的研究结果突显了噬菌体在厌氧消化中的重要性，并为利用噬菌体恢复微塑料污泥的功能提供了一种新策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.