The disparate effects of omega-3 PUFAs on intestinal microbial homeostasis in experimental rodents under physiological condition

IF 3
Zhenglong Chai , Hui Zhang , Xinyue Ji , Xinyi Hu , Yannan He , Feng Zhao , Chunyan Song , Yiqiu Zhou , Tao Li , Canxia He , Dezheng Zhou , Xiaohong Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The health benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs), primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are linked to their regulatory effects on the composition of the gut microbiota. However, there is a lack of direct evidence on whether omega-3 PUFAs regulate the gut microbial homeostasis under physiological conditions. This study investigated the impact of equivalent doses of EPA, DHA, and fish oil (FO) with a DHA to EPA ratio of approximately 1:1 on the bacterial and fungal composition of normal young mice. This study also analyzed changes in key components of the gut microenvironment, including the colonic mucus barrier and short-chain fatty acids, to address the prebiotic potential of omega-3 PUFAs. The results showed that all three omega-3 PUFAs interventions induced significant fluctuations in the gut bacteria and fungi, leading to an increase in the abundance of some probiotics. Notably, DHA, EPA, and FO interventions significantly increased the abundance of the probiotic Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Akkermansia, respectively. Both DHA and fish oil interventions also significantly reduced the abundance of potentially pathogenic fungi, such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. Association analysis of the top 19 differential fungal and bacterial genera in abundance revealed a much more bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-fungi connections, but fewer fungi-fungi connections. This highlights the importance of bacteria in the gut microecological network. Furthermore, the levels of butyric acid and valeric acid in the colonic contents of DHA intervention group were significantly increased, and the colonic mucus layer thickness was increased in three treatment groups. In summary, DHA, EPA and FO interventions showed targeted enhancement of different probiotics and enhanced colon defense barrier (mucus barrier), showing potential prebiotic effects.
生理条件下,ω-3 PUFA 对实验鼠肠道微生物稳态的不同影响
欧米伽-3 多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3 PUFAs),主要是二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),对健康的益处与它们对肠道微生物群组成的调节作用有关。然而,关于ω-3 PUFA 是否能在生理条件下调节肠道微生物的平衡,目前还缺乏直接的证据。本研究调查了同等剂量的 EPA、DHA 和鱼油(FO)(DHA 与 EPA 的比例约为 1:1)对正常幼鼠细菌和真菌组成的影响。这项研究还分析了肠道微环境关键成分的变化,包括结肠粘液屏障和短链脂肪酸,以探讨欧米伽-3 PUFA 的益生潜力。结果表明,所有三种欧米伽-3 PUFAs干预措施都会诱发肠道细菌和真菌的显著波动,导致一些益生菌的丰度增加。值得注意的是,DHA、EPA和FO干预措施分别显著提高了益生菌乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和Akkermansia的丰度。DHA 和鱼油干预还能明显降低曲霉和青霉等潜在致病真菌的数量。对丰度差异最大的 19 个真菌属和细菌属进行的关联分析表明,细菌与细菌、细菌与真菌之间的联系要多得多,但真菌与真菌之间的联系却较少。这凸显了细菌在肠道微生态网络中的重要性。此外,DHA干预组结肠内容物中丁酸和戊酸的含量显著增加,三个处理组的结肠粘液层厚度增加。总之,DHA、EPA和FO干预能有针对性地增强不同益生菌的作用,增强结肠防御屏障(粘液屏障),显示出潜在的益生元效应。
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来源期刊
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids Clinical Biochemistry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
64 days
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