The effect of breastfeeding on reducing pain induced by pentavalent vaccine in infants: a randomized clinical trial.

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2024-0055en

Glenda Lyara Ribeiro Queiroz, Maria Augusta Rocha Bezerra, Ruth Cardoso Rocha, Mychelangela de Assis Brito, Cristianne Teixeira Carneiro, Karla Nayalle de Souza Rocha, Kaline Nayanne de Souza Oliveira

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Abstract

Objective: To analyze the effect of breastfeeding on reducing Pentavalent vaccination pain in infants and to identify the necessary breastfeeding interval for antinociceptive action.

Method: Open parallel randomized clinical trial. Ninety mother-infant dyads participated, distributed into intervention group 1 (n = 30), which breastfed five minutes before vaccination; intervention group 2 (n = 30), which breastfed five minutes before and during vaccination; and control group (n = 30), which did not breastfeed. The outcome variable was the pain level measured by the FLACC Scale. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, applying Fisher's Exact, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparison tests, with 0.05 significance level.

Results: Pain induced by the Pentavalent vaccine was reduced in intervention groups 1 and 2 (mean pain of 6.06 versus 3.83, respectively) compared to the control group (mean of pain of 7.43), which was significant for intervention group 2 (p < 0.001), indicating that, to achieve lower levels of pain, breastfeeding should be carried out before and during vaccination.

Conclusion: Longer breastfeeding, conducted five minutes before and during vaccination, reduces the pain induced by the Pentavalent vaccine. No vaccination risks were identified to outweigh the benefits. These results endorse that health professionals should encourage breastfeeding at least five minutes before and during vaccine injection for an antinociception effect. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: RBR-9vh37wr.

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母乳喂养对减轻五价疫苗引起的婴儿疼痛的影响：随机临床试验。

目的分析母乳喂养对减轻婴儿五价疫苗接种疼痛的效果，并确定抗痛作用所需的母乳喂养间隔时间：开放式平行随机临床试验。参加试验的母婴二人组共有 90 个，分为干预组 1（n = 30）和对照组（n = 30），干预组 1 在接种前五分钟进行母乳喂养；干预组 2（n = 30）在接种前五分钟和接种过程中进行母乳喂养；对照组（n = 30）不进行母乳喂养。结果变量是用 FLACC 量表测量的疼痛程度。数据分析采用描述性和推断性统计，应用费雪精确检验、Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Dunn多重比较检验，显著性水平为0.05：结果：与对照组（平均疼痛为 7.43）相比，干预组 1 和 2 中五价疫苗引起的疼痛有所减轻（平均疼痛分别为 6.06 和 3.83），干预组 2 的疼痛明显减轻（p < 0.001），这表明要想减轻疼痛，应在接种前和接种期间进行母乳喂养：结论：在接种前五分钟和接种过程中延长哺乳时间可减轻五价疫苗引起的疼痛。没有发现接种风险大于接种益处。这些结果表明，医务人员应鼓励在注射疫苗前至少五分钟和注射疫苗期间进行母乳喂养，以达到止痛效果。巴西临床试验登记处：RBR-9vh37wr。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P

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