{"title":"The lack of causal link between myopia and intraocular pressure: Insights from cross-sectional analysis and Mendelian randomization study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104334","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and myopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 3,459 patients who underwent corneal refractive surgery at our institution between 2021 and 2023. Preoperative data on IOP, spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), and corneal thickness (CCT) were collected. The association between IOP and myopia was investigated through rank correlation analysis, and causal inference was examined using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, mode-based estimation, simple mode, and inverse variance weighted (IVW) approaches. Utilizing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), IOP was considered as the exposure, with myopia as the outcome variable. IVW method was employed for the primary analysis, supplemented by sensitivity analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cross-sectional analysis revealed a non-significant association between corrected IOP (cIOP) and myopia (r = -0.019, <em>P</em> = 0.12). MR analysis indicated a non-significant genetic causal relationship between cIOP and myopia under the IVW method (OR = 1.001; 95 % CI [0.999–1.003], <em>P</em> = 0.22), a finding corroborated in replication samples (OR = 0.98; 95 % CI [0.96–1.00], <em>P</em> = 0.099).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study did not find a direct causal link between IOP and the development of myopia. These findings challenge the traditional role attributed to IOP in the progression of myopia and highlight the complex, multifactorial process of myopia development. This provides a new perspective on understanding the intricate mechanisms behind myopia progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572100024003715/pdfft?md5=021283b59a1dd607f1709ceaf355619e&pid=1-s2.0-S1572100024003715-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572100024003715","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and myopia.
Methods
The study included 3,459 patients who underwent corneal refractive surgery at our institution between 2021 and 2023. Preoperative data on IOP, spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), and corneal thickness (CCT) were collected. The association between IOP and myopia was investigated through rank correlation analysis, and causal inference was examined using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, mode-based estimation, simple mode, and inverse variance weighted (IVW) approaches. Utilizing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), IOP was considered as the exposure, with myopia as the outcome variable. IVW method was employed for the primary analysis, supplemented by sensitivity analyses.
Results
Cross-sectional analysis revealed a non-significant association between corrected IOP (cIOP) and myopia (r = -0.019, P = 0.12). MR analysis indicated a non-significant genetic causal relationship between cIOP and myopia under the IVW method (OR = 1.001; 95 % CI [0.999–1.003], P = 0.22), a finding corroborated in replication samples (OR = 0.98; 95 % CI [0.96–1.00], P = 0.099).
Conclusion
This study did not find a direct causal link between IOP and the development of myopia. These findings challenge the traditional role attributed to IOP in the progression of myopia and highlight the complex, multifactorial process of myopia development. This provides a new perspective on understanding the intricate mechanisms behind myopia progression.
期刊介绍:
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy is an international journal for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and clinical developments of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy in all medical specialties. The journal publishes original articles, review articles, case presentations, "how-to-do-it" articles, Letters to the Editor, short communications and relevant images with short descriptions. All submitted material is subject to a strict peer-review process.