The Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Children With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): A Retrospective Study.

IF 1 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cureus Pub Date : 2024-09-22 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI:10.7759/cureus.69941
Bahram Kakavand, Aliya Centner, Safia Centner, Shirin Hasan
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Abstract

Introduction: Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic form of orthostatic intolerance characterized by various symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and increased heart rate. Conflicting reports exist regarding the prevalence of anxiety and depression in adults with POTS, while data on pediatric POTS remains scarce.

Method: A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients aged 11-17 years with POTS, who underwent autonomic testing at Nemours Children's Hospital in Orlando, Florida, was conducted. The patients were screened for anxiety, using the Severity Measure for Generalized Anxiety Disorder-Child Age 11-17 years (GAD-7) questionnaire, and depression, using PHQ-9 Modified for Adolescence (PHQ-A) for depression. The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in the study cohort were compared to historical data from similar age groups in the existing literature. The study was approved by the Nemours Children's Hospital Institutional Review Board.

Results: The cohort comprised 27 children with POTS (26 females, age 15.8±1.6 years). Overall, 74% exhibited moderate-to-severe anxiety, depression, or both, with 44% having comorbid anxiety and depression. In total, 4/27 (14%) had pure depression and 4/27 (14%) had pure anxiety. Six patients had no depression or anxiety. On average, POTS symptoms began 1.9±1.3 years before diagnosis. Eleven patients took stable doses of psychotropic medications. After a follow-up period of 5.1±1.7 months of POTS therapy, seven patients had follow-up questionnaires. In 4/7 patients, the depression severity improved, and in 3/7 patients, the anxiety severity improved. Patients were not actively treated for depression and anxiety during this time.

Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among pediatric patients with POTS. While preliminary data suggests POTS therapy may alleviate these psychological symptoms, further longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the therapeutic impact in greater detail.

体位性正位性心动过速综合征 (POTS) 患儿的焦虑和抑郁患病率:回顾性研究。
简介体位性正位性心动过速综合征(POTS)是一种慢性正位性不耐受,以头晕、头昏和心率加快等各种症状为特征。关于焦虑和抑郁在成人 POTS 患者中的发病率,存在着相互矛盾的报道,而关于小儿 POTS 的数据仍然很少:方法:我们对在佛罗里达州奥兰多内穆尔儿童医院接受自律神经测试的 11-17 岁 POTS 儿科患者进行了回顾性分析。研究人员使用广泛性焦虑症--11-17 岁儿童严重程度测量(GAD-7)问卷对患者进行了焦虑症筛查,并使用 PHQ-9 Modified for Adolescence(PHQ-A)对患者进行了抑郁症筛查。研究队列中焦虑症和抑郁症的患病率与现有文献中类似年龄组的历史数据进行了比较。该研究获得了内穆尔儿童医院机构审查委员会的批准:研究对象包括 27 名 POTS 患儿(26 名女性,年龄为 15.8±1.6 岁)。总体而言,74%的患儿表现出中度至重度焦虑、抑郁或两者兼有,44%的患儿合并焦虑和抑郁。共有 4/27 人(14%)患有单纯抑郁症,4/27 人(14%)患有单纯焦虑症。有 6 名患者没有抑郁或焦虑症状。平均而言,POTS 症状始于诊断前 1.9±1.3 年。11 名患者服用了稳定剂量的精神药物。POTS 治疗随访 5.1±1.7 个月后,7 名患者接受了随访问卷调查。其中 4/7 名患者的抑郁严重程度有所改善,3/7 名患者的焦虑严重程度有所改善。在此期间,患者并未积极接受抑郁和焦虑治疗:结论:焦虑和抑郁在儿科 POTS 患者中很普遍。虽然初步数据表明 POTS 治疗可减轻这些心理症状,但仍有必要开展进一步的纵向研究,以更详细地探讨其治疗效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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