Study of gut microbiome alterations in plaque psoriasis patients compared to healthy individuals.

Abstract

Introduction: Many studies have shown significant alterations in the gut microbiome of patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls.

Aim: The primary objective of the current research was to explore the impact of gut microbiome composition on the progression and severity of plaque psoriasis.

Material and methods: A total of 20 patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis and 20 healthy individuals were recruited and provided a stool sample to assess the gut microbiome. After the samples were prepared according to the NGS library preparation workflow, they were sequenced using the Illumina platform and the report was generated that underwent statistical analysis.

Results: The microbiome profiles of psoriasis patients exhibited significant differences compared to healthy controls as evidenced by the statistical analysis of various bacterial genera, with the median abundance significantly lower in psoriasis patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.033). The analysis of the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio, a commonly evaluated marker of dysbiosis, did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.239). However, there was a noticeable trend towards a higher median ratio in psoriasis patients compared to healthy controls. The ratio did not show significant associations with PASI or BSA but trends towards significance with DLQI (B = -12.11, p = 0.095).

Conclusions: Overall, the above findings underscore the importance of the gut microbiome in psoriasis and suggest that modulation of specific bacterial genera, especially that with significant differences, could be a potential strategy for therapeutic intervention. Targeting these depleted genera through microbiome-based interventions, such as probiotic supplementation or faecal microbiota transplantation, could potentially help to restore gut homeostasis and alleviate the inflammatory burden in psoriasis.