Smiling and frowning induced by facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES) modulate felt emotion and physiology.

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Emotion Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1037/emo0001408

Themis Nikolas Efthimiou, Joshua Baker, Arthur Elsenaar, Marc Mehu, Sebastian Korb

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

According to the facial feedback hypothesis, feedback from facial muscles can initiate and modulate a person's emotional state. This assumption is debated, however, and existing research has arguably suffered from a lack of control over which facial muscles are activated, when, to what degree, and for how long. To overcome these limitations, we carried out a preregistered experiment including 58 participants. Facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES) was applied to the bilateral zygomaticus major and depressor anguli oris muscles for 5 s at 100% and 50% of the participants' individual motor threshold. After each trial, participants reported their emotional valence and intensity and levels of experienced discomfort. Facial muscle activations were verified with automatic video coding; heart rate and electrodermal activity were recorded throughout. Results showed that muscle activation through fNMES, even when controlling for fNMES-induced discomfort, modulated participants' emotional state as expected, with more positive emotions reported after stronger stimulation of the zygomaticus major than the depressor anguli oris muscle. The addition of expression-congruent emotional images increased the effect. Moreover, fNMES intensity predicted intensity ratings, reduced HR, and skin conductance response. The finding that changes in felt emotion can be induced through brief and controlled activation of specific facial muscles is in line with the facial feedback hypothesis and offers exciting opportunities for translational intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

查看原文本刊更多论文

面部神经肌肉电刺激（fNMES）诱发的微笑和皱眉会调节感觉情绪和生理。

根据面部反馈假说，面部肌肉的反馈可以启动和调节人的情绪状态。然而，这一假设还存在争议，现有的研究可以说缺乏对哪些面部肌肉被激活、何时激活、激活程度以及激活时间长短的控制。为了克服这些局限性，我们进行了一项预先登记的实验，共有 58 人参加。面部神经肌肉电刺激（fNMES）作用于双侧颧骨大肌和口角下压肌，持续 5 秒钟，刺激强度分别为参与者个人运动阈值的 100%和 50%。每次试验后，参与者都要报告自己的情绪价值和强度以及体验到的不适程度。面部肌肉激活情况通过自动视频编码进行验证；心率和皮电活动被全程记录。结果表明，即使控制了 fNMES 引起的不适感，通过 fNMES 进行的肌肉激活也能调节参与者的情绪状态，正如预期的那样，刺激颧大肌比刺激口角下压肌后，参与者会报告更多的积极情绪。添加表情一致的情绪图像会增强这种效果。此外，fNMES 强度可预测强度评级、降低的心率和皮肤电导反应。这一发现与面部反馈假说一致，并为转化干预提供了令人兴奋的机会。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Emotion PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

325

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： Emotion publishes significant contributions to the study of emotion from a wide range of theoretical traditions and research domains. The journal includes articles that advance knowledge and theory about all aspects of emotional processes, including reports of substantial empirical studies, scholarly reviews, and major theoretical articles. Submissions from all domains of emotion research are encouraged, including studies focusing on cultural, social, temperament and personality, cognitive, developmental, health, or biological variables that affect or are affected by emotional functioning. Both laboratory and field studies are appropriate for the journal, as are neuroimaging studies of emotional processes.