Current progress in CRISPR-Cas systems for autoimmune diseases.

Abstract

A body develops an autoimmune illness when its immune system mistakenly targets healthy cells and organs. Eight million people are affected by more than 80 autoimmune diseases. The public's and individuals' well-being is put at risk. Type 1 diabetes, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosisare autoimmune diseases. Tissue injury, nociceptive responses, and persistent inflammation are the results of these stresses. Concerns about healthcare costs, health, and physical limitations contribute to these issues. Given their prevalence, it is crucial to enhance our knowledge, conduct thorough research, and provide all-encompassing support to women dealing with autoimmune diseases. This will lead to better public health and better patient outcomes. Most bacteria's immune systems employ CRISPR-Cas, a state-of-the-art technique for editing genes. For Cas to break DNA with pinpoint accuracy, a guide RNA employs a predetermined enzymatic pathway. Genetic modifications started. After it was developed, this method was subjected to much research on autoimmune diseases. By modifying immune pathways, CRISPR gene editing can alleviate symptoms, promote immune system tolerance, and decrease autoimmune reactivity. The autoimmune diseases that CRISPR-Cas9 targets now have no treatment or cure. Results from early clinical trials and preclinical studies of autoimmune medicines engineered using CRISPR showed promise. Modern treatments for rheumatoid arthritis,multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes aim to alter specific genetic or immune mechanisms. Accurate CRISPR editing can fix autoimmune genetic disorders. Modifying effector cells with CRISPR can decrease autoimmune reactions. These cells include cytotoxic T and B lymphocytes. Because of improvements in delivery techniques and kits, CRISPR medications are now safer, more effective, and more accurately targeted. It all comes down to intricate immunological reactions and unexpected side consequences. Revolutionary cures for autoimmune problems and highly personalized medical therapies have been made possible by recent advancements in CRISPR.