The effects of stress on gut virome: Implications on infectious disease and systemic disorders

IF 3.9 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
MicrobiologyOpen Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI:10.1002/mbo3.1434
Francesca Talarico, Bruno Tilocca, Rocco Spagnuolo, Ludovico Abenavoli, Francesco Luzza, Paola Roncada
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Abstract

The role of gut microbiota in health and disease is being thoroughly examined in various contexts, with a specific focus on the bacterial fraction due to its significant abundance. However, despite their lower abundance, viruses within the gut microbiota are gaining recognition for their crucial role in shaping the structure and function of the intestinal microbiota, with significant effects on the host as a whole, particularly the immune system. Similarly, environmental factors such as stress are key in modulating the host immune system, which in turn influences the composition of the gut virome and neurological functions through the bidirectional communication of the gut–brain axis. In this context, alterations in the host immune system due to stress and/or dysbiosis of the gut virome are critical factors in the development of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. The molecular mechanisms and correlation patterns between microbial species are not yet fully understood. This literature review seeks to explore the interconnected relationship between stress and the gut virome, with a focus on how this interaction is influenced by the host's immune system. We also discuss how disturbances in this finely balanced system can lead to the onset and/or progression of diseases.

Abstract Image

压力对肠道病毒组的影响:对传染病和全身性疾病的影响。
肠道微生物群在健康和疾病中的作用正受到多方面的深入研究,其中细菌部分因其数量巨大而受到特别关注。然而,尽管肠道微生物群中的病毒数量较少,但它们在塑造肠道微生物群的结构和功能方面所起的关键作用正日益得到认可,并对整个宿主,尤其是免疫系统产生重大影响。同样,压力等环境因素也是调节宿主免疫系统的关键,而宿主免疫系统又会通过肠道-大脑轴的双向交流影响肠道病毒群的组成和神经功能。在这种情况下,压力和/或肠道病毒群失调导致的宿主免疫系统改变是传染性和非传染性疾病发生的关键因素。微生物物种之间的分子机制和相关模式尚未完全明了。本文献综述旨在探讨压力与肠道病毒群之间的相互关系,重点关注这种相互作用如何受到宿主免疫系统的影响。我们还将讨论这一微妙平衡系统的紊乱如何导致疾病的发生和/或发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
MicrobiologyOpen
MicrobiologyOpen MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
78
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: MicrobiologyOpen is a peer reviewed, fully open access, broad-scope, and interdisciplinary journal delivering rapid decisions and fast publication of microbial science, a field which is undergoing a profound and exciting evolution in this post-genomic era. The journal aims to serve the research community by providing a vehicle for authors wishing to publish quality research in both fundamental and applied microbiology. Our goal is to publish articles that stimulate discussion and debate, as well as add to our knowledge base and further the understanding of microbial interactions and microbial processes. MicrobiologyOpen gives prompt and equal consideration to articles reporting theoretical, experimental, applied, and descriptive work in all aspects of bacteriology, virology, mycology and protistology, including, but not limited to: - agriculture - antimicrobial resistance - astrobiology - biochemistry - biotechnology - cell and molecular biology - clinical microbiology - computational, systems, and synthetic microbiology - environmental science - evolutionary biology, ecology, and systematics - food science and technology - genetics and genomics - geobiology and earth science - host-microbe interactions - infectious diseases - natural products discovery - pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry - physiology - plant pathology - veterinary microbiology We will consider submissions across unicellular and cell-cluster organisms: prokaryotes (bacteria, archaea) and eukaryotes (fungi, protists, microalgae, lichens), as well as viruses and prions infecting or interacting with microorganisms, plants and animals, including genetic, biochemical, biophysical, bioinformatic and structural analyses. The journal features Original Articles (including full Research articles, Method articles, and Short Communications), Commentaries, Reviews, and Editorials. Original papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the article. We also support confirmatory research and aim to work with authors to meet reviewer expectations. MicrobiologyOpen publishes articles submitted directly to the journal and those referred from other Wiley journals.
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