PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILES OF ORAL PHENYLBUTAZONE, MELOXICAM, AND FIROCOXIB IN SOUTHERN BLACK RHINOCEROS (DICEROS BICORNIS MINOR).

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Benn Bryant, Michelle Campbell-Ward, Benjamin Kimble, Merran Govendir
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The pharmacokinetic profile of selected NSAIDs in southern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis minor) were studied. Phenylbutazone (PBZ), meloxicam (MEL), and firocoxib (FIR) were administered orally to five captive, black rhinoceros, and blood was collected at predetermined time points for NSAID quantification and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. Phenylbutazone 4.0 mg/kg PO q12h for three doses, MEL 0.3 mg/kg PO q24h administered twice, and a single oral dose of FIR 0.1 mg/kg, were tested with a minimum washout time of 2 wk. PBZ reached a median (range) peak concentration (Cmax) of 9.42 (2.74-11.5) g/ml at a mean (range) time (Tmax) of 6.00 (4.00 to >12.00) h, and the median (range) elimination half-life (T1/2) was 6.07 (3.95-6.49) h. Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetic parameters for black rhinoceros in this study were similar to domestic horses. Meloxicam reached a median (range) Cmax of 0.576 (0.357-0.655) µg/ml at a median (range) time (Tmax) of 6.00 (4.00-12.00) h; the median (range) T1/2 of MEL was 14.0 (12.4-17.9) h. These results demonstrate that once-daily administration of MEL at 0.3 mg/kg resulted in a serum concentration of greater than 0.200 µg/ml from 2 to 24 h in four animals, which is within the analgesic range (0.200-0.400 µg/ml) for this drug in other species postulated by other studies. A single dose of firocoxib (0.1 mg/kg) reached a median (range) peak concentration (Cmax) of 15.7 (9.65-17.3) ng/ml at a median (range) Tmax of 4.00 (4.00-6.00) h. The median (range) elimination T1/2 of FIR was 4.96 (4.47-6.51) h, which is faster than in the horse. The data suggest that extrapolation from equine FIR dosage recommendations is inappropriate for black rhinoceros.

南方黑犀牛口服苯丁酮、美洛昔康和非罗昔布的药动学特征。
研究了某些非甾体抗炎药在南方黑犀牛(Diceros bicornis minor)体内的药代动力学特征。给五头圈养的黑犀牛口服了苯丁氮酮(PBZ)、美洛昔康(MEL)和非罗昔布(FIR),并在预定的时间点采集血液进行非甾体抗炎药定量和非室药代动力学(PK)分析。苯丁氮䓬 4.0 mg/kg PO q12h,共三次给药;MEL 0.3 mg/kg PO q24h,共两次给药;FIR 0.1 mg/kg 单次口服给药,最小冲洗时间为 2 周。在平均(范围)时间(Tmax)为 6.00(4.00 至 >12.00)小时时,PBZ 达到峰值浓度(Cmax)的中位数(范围)为 9.42(2.74-11.5)克/毫升,消除半衰期(T1/2)的中位数(范围)为 6.07(3.95-6.49)小时。在中位(范围)时间(Tmax)为 6.00 (4.00-12.00) h 时,美洛昔康的中位(范围)Cmax 为 0.576 (0.357-0.655) µg/ml;MEL 的中位(范围)T1/2 为 14.0 (12.4-17.9) h。3 毫克/千克的 MEL 会导致四只动物在 2 至 24 小时内的血清浓度超过 0.200 微克/毫升,这在其他研究推测的该药物对其他物种的镇痛范围(0.200-0.400 微克/毫升)内。单剂量的非罗考昔(0.1 mg/kg)在4.00(4.00-6.00)小时的中位(范围)Tmax达到15.7(9.65-17.3)ng/ml的峰值浓度(Cmax)。这些数据表明,根据马的 FIR 剂量建议进行推断并不适用于黑犀牛。
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来源期刊
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
14.30%
发文量
74
审稿时长
9-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (JZWM) is considered one of the major sources of information on the biology and veterinary aspects in the field. It stems from the founding premise of AAZV to share zoo animal medicine experiences. The Journal evolved from the long history of members producing case reports and the increased publication of free-ranging wildlife papers. The Journal accepts manuscripts of original research findings, case reports in the field of veterinary medicine dealing with captive and free-ranging wild animals, brief communications regarding clinical or research observations that may warrant publication. It also publishes and encourages submission of relevant editorials, reviews, special reports, clinical challenges, abstracts of selected articles and book reviews. The Journal is published quarterly, is peer reviewed, is indexed by the major abstracting services, and is international in scope and distribution. Areas of interest include clinical medicine, surgery, anatomy, radiology, physiology, reproduction, nutrition, parasitology, microbiology, immunology, pathology (including infectious diseases and clinical pathology), toxicology, pharmacology, and epidemiology.
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