Increased luminal area of large conducting airways in patients with COVID-19 and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: a retrospective case-control study.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00573.2024
Solomiia Zaremba, Alex J Miller, Erik A Ovrom, Jonathon W Senefeld, Chad C Wiggins, Paolo B Dominelli, Ravindra Ganesh, Ryan T Hurt, Brian J Bartholmai, Brian T Welch, Juan G Ripoll, Michael J Joyner, Andrew H Ramsook
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with enlarged luminal areas of large conducting airways. In 10-30% of patients with acute COVID-19 infection, symptoms persist for more than 4 wk (referred to as post-acute sequelae of COVID 19, or PASC), and it is unknown if airway changes are associated with this persistence. Thus, we aim to investigate whether luminal area of large conducting airways is different between patients with PASC and COVID-19 and healthy controls. In this retrospective case-control study, 75 patients with PASC (48 females) were age-, height-, and sex-matched to 75 patients with COVID-19 and 75 healthy controls. Using three-dimensional digital reconstruction from computed tomography imaging, we measured luminal areas of seven conducting airways, including trachea, right and left main bronchi, bronchus intermediate, right and left upper lobe, and left lower lobe bronchi. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare measurements between the three groups, as appropriate. Airway luminal areas between COVID-19 and PASC groups were not different (all, P > 0.66). There were no group differences in airway luminal area (PASC vs. control) for trachea and right main bronchus. However, in the remaining five airways, airway luminal areas were 12-39% larger among patients with PASC than in controls (all, P < 0.05). Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and PASC have greater airway luminal area in most large conducting airways compared with healthy controls. No differences in luminal area between patients with COVID-19 and PASC suggest persistence of changes or insufficient time for reversal of changes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Three-dimensional reconstruction of airways has shown increased luminal area in patients with COVID-19 and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 when compared with healthy controls. These findings suggest the role of large conducting airways in the pathogenesis of post-acute sequelae of COVID 19.

COVID-19 和 COVID-19 后遗症患者大导气道管腔面积增大:一项回顾性病例对照研究。
冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)与大导气管管腔扩大有关。在 10-30% 的 COVID-19 急性感染患者中,症状会持续 4 周以上(称为 COVID-19 急性后遗症,或 PASC),而气道变化是否与这种持续存在有关尚不清楚。因此,我们旨在研究 PASC 和 COVID-19 患者与健康对照组之间的大导气道管腔面积是否存在差异。在这项回顾性病例对照研究中,75 名 PASC 患者(48 名女性)与 75 名 COVID-19 患者和 75 名健康对照者进行了年龄、身高和性别匹配。通过计算机断层扫描成像的三维数字重建,我们测量了七种传导气道的管腔面积,包括气管、左右主支气管、中间支气管、左右上叶支气管和左下叶支气管。视情况使用 Kruskal-Wallis H 检验比较三组之间的测量值。COVID-19 组和 PASC 组的气道管腔面积没有差异(P>0.66)。气管和右主支气管的气道管腔面积(PASC 组与对照组)没有组间差异。然而,在其余五个气道中,PASC 患者的气道管腔面积比对照组大 12% 至 39%(所有组别,P
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
9.10%
发文量
296
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Physiology publishes the highest quality original research and reviews that examine novel adaptive and integrative physiological mechanisms in humans and animals that advance the field. The journal encourages the submission of manuscripts that examine the acute and adaptive responses of various organs, tissues, cells and/or molecular pathways to environmental, physiological and/or pathophysiological stressors. As an applied physiology journal, topics of interest are not limited to a particular organ system. The journal, therefore, considers a wide array of integrative and translational research topics examining the mechanisms involved in disease processes and mitigation strategies, as well as the promotion of health and well-being throughout the lifespan. Priority is given to manuscripts that provide mechanistic insight deemed to exert an impact on the field.
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