{"title":"In Vitro Effect of Anodization of Titanium Abutments on Color Parameters and Color Difference of Lithium Disilicate All-Ceramic Crowns","authors":"Sotude Khorshidi, Arash Zarbakhsh, Shirin Lawaf, Shaghayegh Golalipour, Maryam Sayyari, Alireza Mahmoudi Nahavandi","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>This study assessed the effect of the anodization of titanium abutments on the color parameters and color difference of lithium disilicate (LDS) all-ceramic crowns.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>In this study, 19 straight abutments were divided into two groups: anodized (<i>n</i> = 9) and non-anodized control (<i>n</i> = 9), with one hybrid zirconia abutment as a reference. Anodization was achieved by applying 63 V energy using seven 9 V flat batteries in series, with an electrolyte solution comprising 1 g trisodium phosphate in 250 mL distilled water for 5 s, resulting in a gold-yellow color. Abutments were then scanned, and full-contour monolithic IPS e.max maxillary central incisor crowns were fabricated with 2 mm thickness and glazed. Reflectance was measured using a spectroradiometer, and color coordinates (<i>L</i>*, <i>a</i>*, <i>b</i>*, <i>h</i>*, and <i>C</i>*) were calculated using CS-10W software. Color differences of the crowns in both groups were quantified using the CIEDE2000 (Δ<i>E</i><sub>00</sub>) color difference formula and analyzed by <i>t</i>-test (<i>α</i> = 0.05) compared to the standard sample.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The <i>L</i>*, <i>a</i>*, <i>b</i>*, and <i>c</i>* parameters in anodized abutments were significantly higher than those in non-anodized abutments, while the <i>h</i>* parameter in anodized abutments was significantly lower than that in non-anodized abutments (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). There was a significant difference in Δ<i>E</i><sub>00</sub> of the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.043).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Anodization of titanium abutments improved the color parameters of LDS all-ceramic crowns and significantly decreased their Δ<i>E</i> compared with non-anodized abutments.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70002","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cre2.70002","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
This study assessed the effect of the anodization of titanium abutments on the color parameters and color difference of lithium disilicate (LDS) all-ceramic crowns.
Materials and Methods
In this study, 19 straight abutments were divided into two groups: anodized (n = 9) and non-anodized control (n = 9), with one hybrid zirconia abutment as a reference. Anodization was achieved by applying 63 V energy using seven 9 V flat batteries in series, with an electrolyte solution comprising 1 g trisodium phosphate in 250 mL distilled water for 5 s, resulting in a gold-yellow color. Abutments were then scanned, and full-contour monolithic IPS e.max maxillary central incisor crowns were fabricated with 2 mm thickness and glazed. Reflectance was measured using a spectroradiometer, and color coordinates (L*, a*, b*, h*, and C*) were calculated using CS-10W software. Color differences of the crowns in both groups were quantified using the CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) color difference formula and analyzed by t-test (α = 0.05) compared to the standard sample.
Results
The L*, a*, b*, and c* parameters in anodized abutments were significantly higher than those in non-anodized abutments, while the h* parameter in anodized abutments was significantly lower than that in non-anodized abutments (p < 0.001 for all). There was a significant difference in ΔE00 of the two groups (p = 0.043).
Conclusion
Anodization of titanium abutments improved the color parameters of LDS all-ceramic crowns and significantly decreased their ΔE compared with non-anodized abutments.
期刊介绍：
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.
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