{"title":"Novel bio-based propylene-derived phthalonitrile compounds: Synthesis, curing behavior and thermal properties","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2024.106058","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bio-based bisphenol compounds were prepared using eugenol from biomass as the initial raw material. A reaction of nucleophilic substitution takes place with 4-nitrophthalonitrile in an environmentally friendly solvent to produce bio-based propenyl-derived phthalonitrile monomers. The effective preparation of compounds was proven using hydrogen and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). By employing the process of free radical catalysis, it is possible to directly cure the novel phthalonitrile monomers without the need for a specific small molecule curing agent. The cured resin was reported to have high glass transition temperature, good thermal stability, and processing properties by FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyzer, dynamic mechanical analyzer, and rheometer techniques. The flexural test and scanning electron microscopy results show that both resins have a consistent, flawless structure and improved mechanical properties. Eugenol is derived from sustainable biomass, offering an environmentally friendly approach to utilizing biological monophenols effectively. It provides the benefits of carbon reduction and renewability, making it a valuable and eco-conscious resource.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1381514824002335","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Bio-based bisphenol compounds were prepared using eugenol from biomass as the initial raw material. A reaction of nucleophilic substitution takes place with 4-nitrophthalonitrile in an environmentally friendly solvent to produce bio-based propenyl-derived phthalonitrile monomers. The effective preparation of compounds was proven using hydrogen and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). By employing the process of free radical catalysis, it is possible to directly cure the novel phthalonitrile monomers without the need for a specific small molecule curing agent. The cured resin was reported to have high glass transition temperature, good thermal stability, and processing properties by FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyzer, dynamic mechanical analyzer, and rheometer techniques. The flexural test and scanning electron microscopy results show that both resins have a consistent, flawless structure and improved mechanical properties. Eugenol is derived from sustainable biomass, offering an environmentally friendly approach to utilizing biological monophenols effectively. It provides the benefits of carbon reduction and renewability, making it a valuable and eco-conscious resource.
期刊介绍:
Reactive & Functional Polymers provides a forum to disseminate original ideas, concepts and developments in the science and technology of polymers with functional groups, which impart specific chemical reactivity or physical, chemical, structural, biological, and pharmacological functionality. The scope covers organic polymers, acting for instance as reagents, catalysts, templates, ion-exchangers, selective sorbents, chelating or antimicrobial agents, drug carriers, sensors, membranes, and hydrogels. This also includes reactive cross-linkable prepolymers and high-performance thermosetting polymers, natural or degradable polymers, conducting polymers, and porous polymers.
Original research articles must contain thorough molecular and material characterization data on synthesis of the above polymers in combination with their applications. Applications include but are not limited to catalysis, water or effluent treatment, separations and recovery, electronics and information storage, energy conversion, encapsulation, or adhesion.