Characterization of an Advanced Blast Simulator for Investigation of Large Scale Blast Traumatic Brain Injury Studies

IF 3 2区 医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Allison J. Nelson, David Ritzel, Noah Showalter, Danny Boppe, Andy Riegel, Pamela J. VandeVord
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Abstract

Blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a prominent military health concern. The pervasiveness and long-term impacts of this injury highlight the need for investigation of the physiological outcomes of bTBI. Preclinical models allow for the evaluation of behavioral and neuropathological sequelae associated with bTBI. Studies have implemented rodent models to investigate bTBI due to the relative small size and low cost; however, a large animal model with similar neuroanatomical structure to humans is essential for clinical translation. Small blast simulators are used to induce bTBI in rodents, but a large animal model demands a larger device. This study describes a large advanced blast simulator (ABS4) that is a gas-detonation-driven system consisting of 5 sections totaling 40 ft in length with a cross-section of 4 × 4 ft at the test section. It is highly suitable for large animals and human surrogate investigations. This work characterized the ABS4 in preparation of large-scale bTBI testing. An array of tests were conducted with target overpressures in the test section ranging from 10 to 50 psi, and the pressure-time profiles clearly illustrate the essential characteristics of a free-field blast wave, specifically a sharp peak pressure and a defined negative phase. Multiple blast tests conducted at the same target pressure produced very similar pressure profiles, exhibiting the reproducibility of the ABS4 system. With its extensive range of pressures and substantial size, the ABS4 will permit military-relevant translational blast testing.

Abstract Image

先进爆炸模拟器的特性,用于调查大规模爆炸创伤性脑损伤研究
爆炸性创伤性脑损伤(bTBI)是一个突出的军事健康问题。这种损伤的普遍性和长期影响凸显了研究 bTBI 生理结果的必要性。临床前模型可以评估与 bTBI 相关的行为和神经病理学后遗症。由于啮齿类动物体型相对较小,成本较低,因此研究人员采用啮齿类动物模型来研究 bTBI;但是,具有与人类相似神经解剖结构的大型动物模型对于临床转化至关重要。小型爆炸模拟器可用于诱导啮齿类动物的 bTBI,但大型动物模型需要更大的设备。本研究介绍了一种大型先进爆炸模拟器(ABS4),它是一种气体引爆驱动系统,由 5 个部分组成,总长 40 英尺,测试部分的横截面为 4 × 4 英尺。该系统非常适合大型动物和人体替代研究。这项工作对 ABS4 进行了鉴定,以便为大规模 bTBI 测试做准备。在测试区进行了一系列测试,目标超压从 10 到 50 psi 不等,压力-时间曲线清楚地说明了自由场爆炸波的基本特征,特别是尖锐的峰值压力和确定的负相位。在同一目标压力下进行的多次爆破测试产生了非常相似的压力曲线,显示了 ABS4 系统的可重复性。ABS4 具有广泛的压力范围和较大的尺寸,可以进行军事相关的平移爆炸试验。
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来源期刊
Annals of Biomedical Engineering
Annals of Biomedical Engineering 工程技术-工程:生物医学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
15.80%
发文量
212
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Annals of Biomedical Engineering is an official journal of the Biomedical Engineering Society, publishing original articles in the major fields of bioengineering and biomedical engineering. The Annals is an interdisciplinary and international journal with the aim to highlight integrated approaches to the solutions of biological and biomedical problems.
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