Advancements in automated diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder through deep learning and resting-state functional mri biomarkers: a systematic review

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) is a type of neurological disorder that is common among children. The diagnosis of this disorder at an early stage is the key to reducing its effects. The major symptoms include anxiety, lack of communication, and less social interaction. This paper presents a systematic review conducted based on PRISMA guidelines for automated diagnosis of ASD. With rapid development in the field of Data Science, numerous methods have been proposed that can diagnose the disease at an early stage which can minimize the effects of the disorder. Machine learning and deep learning have proven suitable techniques for the automated diagnosis of ASD. These models have been developed on various datasets such as ABIDE I and ABIDE II, a frequently used dataset based on rs-fMRI images. Approximately 26 articles have been reviewed after the screening process. The paper highlights a comparison between different algorithms used and their accuracy as well. It was observed that most researchers used DL algorithms to develop the ASD detection model. Different accuracies were recorded with a maximum accuracy close to 0.99. Recommendations for future work have also been discussed in a later section. This analysis derived a conclusion that AI-emerged DL and ML technologies can diagnose ASD through rs-fMRI images with maximum accuracy. The comparative analysis has been included to show the accuracy range.