Structural and Evolutionary Analysis of Proteins Endowed with a Nucleotidyltransferase, or Non-canonical Palm, Catalytic Domain

IF 2.1 3区 生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Rodrigo Jácome
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Abstract

Many polymerases and other proteins are endowed with a catalytic domain belonging to the nucleotidyltransferase fold, which has also been deemed the non-canonical palm domain, in which three conserved acidic residues coordinate two divalent metal ions. Tertiary structure-based evolutionary analyses provide valuable information when the phylogenetic signal contained in the primary structure is blurry or has been lost, as is the case with these proteins. Pairwise structural comparisons of proteins with a nucleotidyltransferase fold were performed in the PDBefold web server: the RMSD, the number of superimposed residues, and the Qscore were obtained. The structural alignment score (RMSD × 100/number of superimposed residues) and the 1-Qscore were calculated, and distance matrices were constructed, from which a dendogram and a phylogenetic network were drawn for each score. The dendograms and the phylogenetic networks display well-defined clades, reflecting high levels of structural conservation within each clade, not mirrored by primary sequence. The conserved structural core between all these proteins consists of the catalytic nucleotidyltransferase fold, which is surrounded by different functional domains. Hence, many of the clades include proteins that bind different substrates or partake in non-related functions. Enzymes endowed with a nucleotidyltransferase fold are present in all domains of life, and participate in essential cellular and viral functions, which suggests that this domain is very ancient. Despite the loss of evolutionary traces in their primary structure, tertiary structure-based analyses allow us to delve into the evolution and functional diversification of the NT fold.

Abstract Image

具有核苷酸转移酶或非典型棕榈催化结构域的蛋白质的结构和进化分析
许多聚合酶和其他蛋白质都有一个属于核苷酸转移酶折叠的催化结构域,该结构域也被认为是非典型的棕榈结构域,其中三个保守的酸性残基协调两个二价金属离子。当一级结构中包含的系统发生学信号模糊或丢失时,基于三级结构的进化分析就能提供有价值的信息。我们在 PDBefold 网络服务器上对具有核苷酸转移酶折叠结构的蛋白质进行了配对结构比较:得出了 RMSD、叠加残基数和 Qscore。计算结构比对得分(RMSD × 100/叠加残基数)和1-Qscore,并构建距离矩阵,根据每个得分绘制树枝图和系统发生网络。树枝图和系统发育网络显示了明确的支系,反映了每个支系内部高度的结构保守性,而主序列并不反映这种保守性。所有这些蛋白质的保守结构核心包括催化核苷酸转移酶折叠,其周围有不同的功能域。因此,许多支系包括结合不同底物或参与非相关功能的蛋白质。具有核苷酸转移酶折叠的酶存在于生命的所有领域,并参与重要的细胞和病毒功能,这表明这一领域非常古老。尽管核苷酸转移酶的一级结构失去了进化的痕迹,但基于三级结构的分析使我们能够深入研究核苷酸转移酶折叠的进化和功能多样化。
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来源期刊
Journal of Molecular Evolution
Journal of Molecular Evolution 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
2.60%
发文量
36
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Molecular Evolution covers experimental, computational, and theoretical work aimed at deciphering features of molecular evolution and the processes bearing on these features, from the initial formation of macromolecular systems through their evolution at the molecular level, the co-evolution of their functions in cellular and organismal systems, and their influence on organismal adaptation, speciation, and ecology. Topics addressed include the evolution of informational macromolecules and their relation to more complex levels of biological organization, including populations and taxa, as well as the molecular basis for the evolution of ecological interactions of species and the use of molecular data to infer fundamental processes in evolutionary ecology. This coverage accommodates such subfields as new genome sequences, comparative structural and functional genomics, population genetics, the molecular evolution of development, the evolution of gene regulation and gene interaction networks, and in vitro evolution of DNA and RNA, molecular evolutionary ecology, and the development of methods and theory that enable molecular evolutionary inference, including but not limited to, phylogenetic methods.
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