Understanding and Expanding the Role of Pediatricians in Child Adoption in the Backdrop of Emerging Regulations in India: A Contemporary Review

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1007/s13312-024-3280-3

Bhavneet Bharti, Prahbhjot Malhi

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Abstract

Adoption provides a unique opportunity to establish stable family relationships and enhance the social safety net. In India, adoptions are governed by the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956, and the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, each with distinct eligibility criteria. Currently, approximately 33,870 Indian couples are registered as prospective adoptive parents (PAPs), and this number is rising. The Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) website lists 2,140 children available for adoption, with 731 being categorized as normal and 1,409 as special needs. CARA, under the Ministry of Women and Child Development, oversees both domestic and international adoptions of legally free orphaned, abandoned, and surrendered children. The scope of adoption has expanded from primarily young infants to include older children, children with special needs, and foster care, in line with the National Child Policy. Pediatricians play a crucial role in the adoption process, understanding medical aspects within the legislative framework and acting in the child’s best interests. This involves collaborating with multiple stakeholders, conducting comprehensive pre-adoption medical examinations, and providing ongoing medical and behavioral support post-adoption. This review emphasizes recent changes in adoption practices in India and highlights the evolving role of pediatricians as champions for these children and their adoptive families.

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在印度新法规背景下理解和扩大儿科医生在儿童领养中的作用：当代回顾

收养为建立稳定的家庭关系和加强社会安全网提供了一个独特的机会。在印度，收养受 1956 年《印度教收养和抚养法》和 2015 年《少年司法（儿童照料和保护）法》管辖，每项法律都有不同的资格标准。目前，约有 33 870 对印度夫妇登记成为未来的收养父母（PAPs），这一数字还在不断上升。中央收养资源管理局（CARA）网站列出了 2 140 名可供收养的儿童，其中 731 名被归类为正常儿童，1 409 名被归类为有特殊需求的儿童。中央收养资源管理局隶属于妇女和儿童发展部，负责监督国内和国际合法自由孤儿、弃儿和被遗弃儿童的收养工作。根据《国家儿童政策》，收养范围已从主要收养幼儿扩大到收养大龄儿童、有特殊需要的儿童和寄养儿童。儿科医生在收养过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，他们要在立法框架内了解医疗方面的问题，并以儿童的最大利益为重。这包括与多方利益相关者合作，进行全面的收养前体检，以及在收养后提供持续的医疗和行为支持。本综述强调了印度收养实践中的最新变化，并突出了儿科医生作为这些儿童及其收养家庭的支持者所扮演的不断演变的角色。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Indian pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

8.70%

发文量

344

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The general objective of Indian Pediatrics is "To promote the science and practice of Pediatrics." An important guiding principle has been the simultaneous need to inform, educate and entertain the target audience. The specific key objectives are: -To publish original, relevant, well researched peer reviewed articles on issues related to child health. -To provide continuing education to support informed clinical decisions and research. -To foster responsible and balanced debate on controversial issues that affect child health, including non-clinical areas such as medical education, ethics, law, environment and economics. -To achieve the highest level of ethical medical journalism and to produce a publication that is timely, credible and enjoyable to read.