Tracking temporal variations of fatality and symptomology correlated with COVID-19 dominant variants and vaccine effectiveness in the United States

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Frontiers in Public Health Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1419886

Shao Lin, Han Liu, Quan Qi, Ian Trees, Donghong Gao, Samantha Friedman, Xiaobo Romeiko Xue, David Lawrence

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

IntroductionWe described how COVID-19 fatality and symptoms varied by dominant variant and vaccination in the US.MethodsUsing the Restricted Access Dataset from the US CDC (1/1/2020–10/20/2022), we conducted a cross-sectional study assessing differences in COVID-19 deaths, severity indicators (hospitalization, ICU, pneumonia, abnormal X-ray, acute respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation) and 12 mild symptoms by dominant variant/vaccination periods using logistic regression after controlling for confounders.ResultsWe found the highest fatality during the dominant periods of Wild (4.6%) and Delta (3.4%). Most severe symptoms appeared when Delta was dominant (Rate range: 2.0–9.4%). Omicron was associated with higher mild symptoms than other variants. Vaccination showed consistent protection against death and severe symptoms for most variants (Risk Ratio range: 0.41–0.93). Boosters, especially the second, provided additional protection, reducing severe symptoms by over 50%.DiscussionThis dataset may serve as a useful tool to monitor temporospatial changes of fatality and symptom for case management and surveillance.

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追踪美国与 COVID-19 显性变异和疫苗效力相关的死亡和症状的时间变化

引言我们描述了美国COVID-19致死率和症状因显性变异和疫苗接种而异的情况。方法我们利用美国疾病预防控制中心的限制访问数据集（1/1/2020-10/20/2022）进行了一项横断面研究，在控制了混杂因素后，使用逻辑回归评估了COVID-19死亡人数、严重程度指标（住院、重症监护室、肺炎、X光异常、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、机械通气）和12种轻微症状在主导变异株/疫苗接种时期的差异。最严重的症状出现在 Delta 主导期（比率范围：2.0-9.4%）。与其他变种相比，Omicron 的轻微症状较多。接种疫苗后，大多数变异株都能持续预防死亡和严重症状（风险比范围：0.41-0.93）。该数据集可作为监测死亡和症状时空变化的有用工具，用于病例管理和监测。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Public Health Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

7.70%

发文量

4469

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Public Health is a multidisciplinary open-access journal which publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research and is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians, policy makers and the public worldwide. The journal aims at overcoming current fragmentation in research and publication, promoting consistency in pursuing relevant scientific themes, and supporting finding dissemination and translation into practice. Frontiers in Public Health is organized into Specialty Sections that cover different areas of research in the field. Please refer to the author guidelines for details on article types and the submission process.