Exploring the potential of simple automation concepts for quantifying functional groups on nanomaterials with optical assays

IF 11.3 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Isabella Tavernaro, Anna Matiushkina, Kai Simon Rother, Celina Mating, Ute Resch-Genger
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Abstract

Until now, automation in nanomaterial research has been largely focused on the automated synthesis of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) including the screening of synthesis parameters and the automation of characterization methods such as electron microscopy. Despite the rapidly increasing number of NP samples analyzed due to increasing requirements on NP quality control, increasing safety concerns, and regulatory requirements, automation has not yet been introduced into workflows of analytical methods utilized for screening, monitoring, and quantifying functional groups (FGs) on NPs. To address this gap, we studied the potential of simple automation tools for the quantification of amino surface groups on different types of aminated NPs, varying in size, chemical composition, and optical properties, with the exemplarily chosen sensitive optical fluorescamine (Fluram) assay. This broadly applied, but reportedly error-prone assay, which utilizes a chromogenic reporter, involves multiple pipetting and dilution steps and photometric or fluorometric detection. In this study, we compared the influence of automated and manual pipetting on the results of this assay, which was automatically read out with a microplate reader. Special emphasis was dedicated to parameters like accuracy, consistency, achievable uncertainties, and speed of analysis and to possible interferences from the NPs. Our results highlight the advantages of automated surface FG quantification and the huge potential of automation for nanotechnology. In the future, this will facilitate process and quality control of NP fabrication, surface modification, and stability monitoring and help to produce large data sets for nanomaterial grouping approaches for sustainable and safe-by-design, performance, and risk assessment studies.

Abstract Image

探索利用光学测定法量化纳米材料上功能基团的简单自动化概念的潜力
迄今为止,纳米材料研究中的自动化主要集中在工程纳米粒子(NPs)的自动化合成,包括合成参数筛选和电子显微镜等表征方法的自动化。尽管由于对 NP 质量控制的要求不断提高、对安全性的关注日益增加以及监管要求,分析的 NP 样品数量迅速增加,但用于筛选、监测和量化 NP 上官能团 (FG) 的分析方法的工作流程尚未引入自动化。为了填补这一空白,我们研究了简单自动化工具的潜力,这些工具可用于定量不同类型胺化 NPs 上的氨基表面基团,这些 NPs 的尺寸、化学成分和光学性质各不相同,我们选择了灵敏的光学荧光胺 (Fluram) 检测法作为范例。这种检测方法应用广泛,但据说容易出错,它利用一种发色性报告物,涉及多个移液和稀释步骤以及光度或荧光检测。在本研究中,我们比较了自动移液和手动移液对该检测结果的影响,该检测使用微孔板阅读器自动读取。我们特别强调了准确性、一致性、可实现的不确定性、分析速度等参数以及 NPs 可能产生的干扰。我们的研究结果凸显了自动化表面 FG 定量的优势,以及自动化在纳米技术中的巨大潜力。未来,这将促进对 NP 制备、表面改性和稳定性监测的过程和质量控制,并有助于为可持续和安全设计、性能和风险评估研究中的纳米材料分组方法生成大型数据集。
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来源期刊
ACS Catalysis
ACS Catalysis CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL-
CiteScore
20.80
自引率
6.20%
发文量
1253
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: ACS Catalysis is an esteemed journal that publishes original research in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. It offers broad coverage across diverse areas such as life sciences, organometallics and synthesis, photochemistry and electrochemistry, drug discovery and synthesis, materials science, environmental protection, polymer discovery and synthesis, and energy and fuels. The scope of the journal is to showcase innovative work in various aspects of catalysis. This includes new reactions and novel synthetic approaches utilizing known catalysts, the discovery or modification of new catalysts, elucidation of catalytic mechanisms through cutting-edge investigations, practical enhancements of existing processes, as well as conceptual advances in the field. Contributions to ACS Catalysis can encompass both experimental and theoretical research focused on catalytic molecules, macromolecules, and materials that exhibit catalytic turnover.
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