Batch adsorption of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solutions using activated carbon derived from Horse Chestnut Shells found in Northwestern Himalayas: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI:10.1007/s10971-024-06546-y

Uzma Imtiyaz, Mushtaq Ahmad Rather

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Abstract

This research paper analyses the adsorbent properties of a unique biomass i.e. horse chestnut shell (Aesculus hippocastanum L) activated carbon synthesized by chemical activation of KOH produced under optimized carbonization conditions for Fe³⁺. Research was done to look into the characteristics of the made activated carbon and its systematic effects of process parameters. Characterizations like SEM, BET, FTIR, XRD, TGA, EDX, proximate and ultimate analysis, calorific value was performed. Also effect of process parameters like initial Fe³⁺ ion content, contact time, dosage and temperature of system was studied for mechanism of adsorption at pH (6) of Fe³⁺ in an aqueous solution. Data on equilibrium and kinetic isotherms from experiments were examined, for kinetics pseudo 1st order reaction, pseudo 2nd order reaction and intraparticle diffusion has been utilised. System was fairly fitted by pseudo-2nd-order reaction. Adsorption isotherms such as Halsey, Harkin Jura, Temkin, Freundlich, and Langmuir and Dubinin Radushkevich were used and Langmuir adsorption isotherm turned out best suitable match as R² value was found out to be 0.99. The maximum Fe³⁺ adsorbing ability of the HCAC4 was 138.88 mg/g at 25 °C. Thermodynamical evaluation concluded the process to be spontaneous and heat-releasing.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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利用喜马拉雅山西北部马栗壳活性炭批量吸附水溶液中的 Fe3+ 离子：平衡、动力学和热力学研究

本研究论文分析了一种独特的生物质，即马栗壳（Aesculus hippocastanum L）活性炭的吸附特性，这种活性炭是在优化的碳化条件下通过化学活化 KOH 制成的，可吸附 Fe3+。研究旨在了解所制活性炭的特性及其对工艺参数的系统影响。进行了扫描电镜、BET、傅立叶变换红外光谱、XRD、TGA、EDX、近似和最终分析、热值等表征。此外，还研究了初始 Fe3+ 离子含量、接触时间、剂量和系统温度等工艺参数对水溶液中 Fe3+ 在 pH (6) 吸附机理的影响。在动力学方面，采用了伪一阶反应、伪二阶反应和颗粒内扩散。系统与伪 2 阶反应相当吻合。使用了 Halsey、Harkin Jura、Temkin、Freundlich、Langmuir 和 Dubin Radushkevich 等吸附等温线，结果发现 Langmuir 吸附等温线最适合，R2 值为 0.99。在 25 °C 时，HCAC4 对 Fe3+ 的最大吸附能力为 138.88 mg/g。热力学评估结果表明，该过程是自发的，并能释放热量。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.