ESBL Producing E. coli in Chickens and Poultry Farms Environment in Selangor, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study on Their Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors With Environment and Public Health Importance

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Zoonoses and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/zph.13179

Abdulrasheed Bello Aliyu, Abu Jalila, Abdul Aziz Saleha, Zakaria Zunita

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) are widespread multidrug-resistant zoonotic bacteria that threaten animal production, food safety and antimicrobial therapy worldwide including Malaysia. Poultry has been reported as one of the pathways for human exposure to ESBL-EC. There has been little research on the occurrence of ESBL-EC within the Malaysian poultry food chain. Hence, the objectives of the study were to determine the occurrence of ESBL-EC in chickens and to identify the potential risk factors associated with their occurrence in poultry farms.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 samples, consisting of 240 cloacal swabs from chickens and 160 from poultry farms environments in eight districts in Selangor, Malaysia using culture and disk combination methods and multiple polymerase chain reaction assays. In the determination of possible factors associated with the presence of ESBL-EC at poultry farms, a questionnaire was used to obtain the information and data.

Results

The findings demonstrated the wide distribution of ESBL-EC in all the farms with an overall occurrence of 37.2%. Farms in Gombak, Klang and Hulu Selangor had the highest occurrence rates at 62%, 50% and 50%, respectively, followed by farms in Petaling 38%, Sepang at 34%, Kuala Langat at 26% and Kuala Selangor at 24%, and the lowest was in Hulu Langat 14%. Among the study samples, chickens had the highest occurrence rate at 45.4%, followed by chicken house floors at 40% and flies at 30%, while feed and water samples at 17.5% and 12.5%, respectively. The present study indicated the high occurrence and wide dissemination of ESBL-EC in chickens and poultry farms environment. The ESBL-EC occurrence was associated with several factors including imprudent use of antibiotics, poor husbandry, management and biosecurity practices at the farms.

Conclusions

Our study showed the presence and spread of ESBL EC among chickens in the farms and their environment; this may lead to being spread to outside of farm environment by flies, vermins, flying birds, litter and farm wastes and possibly to humans upon contact with the contaminated environment and by poultry meat. Thus, the findings of the study can assist to serve as a piece of useful information to veterinary authority in designing evidence-based mitigation strategies for the control of ESBL-EC in poultry farms.

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马来西亚雪兰莪州鸡和家禽养殖场环境中产 ESBL 大肠杆菌：关于其发生率及其与环境和公共卫生重要性相关的风险因素的横断面研究

导言产广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌（ESBL-EC）是一种广泛存在的对多种药物产生耐药性的人畜共患细菌，威胁着包括马来西亚在内的世界各地的动物生产、食品安全和抗菌药物治疗。据报道，家禽是人类接触 ESBL-EC 的途径之一。有关马来西亚家禽食物链中出现的 ESBL-EC 的研究很少。因此，本研究的目的是确定鸡体内 ESBL-EC 的发生率，并确定与家禽养殖场中发生 ESBL-EC 相关的潜在风险因素。方法：采用培养和盘组合方法以及多重聚合酶链反应检测法，对马来西亚雪兰莪州 8 个地区的 400 份样本（包括 240 份来自鸡的泄殖腔拭子和 160 份来自家禽养殖场的泄殖腔拭子）进行了横断面研究。在确定与家禽养殖场出现 ESBL-EC 相关的可能因素时，采用了问卷调查的方式来获取信息和数据。刚柏、巴生和胡鲁雪兰莪的农场发生率最高，分别为 62%、50% 和 50%，其次是八打灵 38%、雪邦 34%、瓜拉惹 26%、瓜拉雪兰莪 24%，最低的是胡鲁兰惹 14%。在研究样本中，鸡的发生率最高，为 45.4%，其次是鸡舍地板（40%）和苍蝇（30%），而饲料和水样本的发生率分别为 17.5% 和 12.5%。本研究表明，ESBL-EC 在鸡和家禽养殖场环境中的发生率高，传播范围广。我们的研究表明，ESBL-EC 在养殖场及其环境中的存在和传播；这可能导致其通过苍蝇、害虫、飞鸟、垃圾和养殖场废物传播到养殖场以外的环境，并可能在接触受污染的环境和禽肉后传播给人类。因此，这项研究的结果可为兽医当局提供有用信息，帮助其制定以证据为基础的缓解策略，控制家禽养殖场中的 ESBL-EC 感染。

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来源期刊

Zoonoses and Public Health 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

4.20%

发文量

115

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Zoonoses and Public Health brings together veterinary and human health researchers and policy-makers by providing a venue for publishing integrated and global approaches to zoonoses and public health. The Editors will consider papers that focus on timely collaborative and multi-disciplinary research in zoonoses and public health. This journal provides rapid publication of original papers, reviews, and potential discussion papers embracing this collaborative spirit. Papers should advance the scientific knowledge of the sources, transmission, prevention and control of zoonoses and be authored by scientists with expertise in areas such as microbiology, virology, parasitology and epidemiology. Articles that incorporate recent data into new methods, applications, or approaches (e.g. statistical modeling) which enhance public health are strongly encouraged.