Effectiveness of Lanzhou Lamb Rotavirus Vaccine and RotaTeq Against Hospitalized Rotavirus Infections Among Children During 2020-2023 in Guangdong Province, China: A Test-Negative Case-Control Study

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Yao Yi, Jun Liu, Yingtao Zhang, Biao Zeng, Liling Lin, Caixia Li, Fen Yang, Hailong Zhang, Ruili Xie, Zhuhang Huang, Min Kang, Yawen Jiang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

The evidence regarding the effectiveness of Lanzhou Lamb Rotavirus Vaccine (LLR) and RotaTeq (RV5) against gastroenteritis (RVGE) caused by emerging genotypes in Chinese children remains limited.

Methods

We conducted a test-negative case–control study using gastroenteritis surveillance data from four cities (2020–2023) in Guangdong Province, China. Children aged 2 months to 5 years hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled. Cases were rotavirus-positive; controls were rotavirus-negative. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated using multivariable logistic regressions.

Results

Among 2650 children, 218 (8.2%) were rotavirus-positive, predominantly G8P[8]. Also, 1543 (58.23%) children were unvaccinated, while 632 (23.85%) and 475 (17.92%) received at least one dose of RV5 and LLR, respectively. Adjusted RV5 VE against any RVGE severity was 51.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) − 58.1–85.3%]) for one dose, 37.6% (95% CI − 58.5–75.4%) for two doses, and 64.1% (95% CI 38.0–79.2%) for three doses. For LLR, VE against any RVGE severity was 38.7% (95% CI 5.7–60.2%) for one dose, 74.6% (95% CI 35.3–90.0%) for two doses, and 58.8% (95% CI − 217.6–94.6%) for three doses. Against severe RVGE, RV5 VE was 67.2% (95% CI − 144.7–95.6%) for one dose, 74.0% (95% CI − 92.1–96.5%) for two doses, and 86.6% (95% CI 56.8–95.9%) for three doses. For LLR, VE against severe RVGE was 57.7% (95% CI 20.3–77.6%) for one dose, 73.4% (95% CI 11.9–92.0%) for two doses, and − 27.8% (95% CI − 949.7–84.4%) for three doses.

Conclusions

Both RV5 and LLR provided protection against RVGE, including the emerging G8P[8] genotype. Three doses of RV5 offered strong protection, while two doses of LLR also appeared to be an effective strategy against rotavirus infection.

Abstract Image

兰州羔羊轮状病毒疫苗和 RotaTeq 对 2020-2023 年广东省住院儿童轮状病毒感染的有效性:阴性病例对照研究
引言 有关兰州羔羊轮状病毒疫苗(LLR)和RotaTeq(RV5)对中国儿童由新基因型引起的肠胃炎(RVGE)的有效性的证据仍然有限。研究对象为因急性肠胃炎住院的 2 个月至 5 岁儿童。病例为轮状病毒阳性,对照为轮状病毒阴性。结果2650名儿童中有218名(8.2%)轮状病毒阳性,主要是G8P[8]。此外,1543 名(58.23%)儿童未接种疫苗,632 名(23.85%)和 475 名(17.92%)儿童分别至少接种了一剂 RV5 和 LLR。调整后,接种一剂 RV5 疫苗对任何 RVGE 严重程度的 VE 为 51.7% [95% 置信区间 (CI) - 58.1-85.3%]),接种两剂为 37.6% (95% CI - 58.5-75.4%),接种三剂为 64.1% (95% CI 38.0-79.2%)。对于 LLR,针对任何严重程度的 RVGE,一次用药的 VE 为 38.7% (95% CI 5.7-60.2%),两次用药的 VE 为 74.6% (95% CI 35.3-90.0%),三次用药的 VE 为 58.8% (95% CI - 217.6-94.6%)。针对严重的 RVGE,RV5 的 VE 为:一次用药 67.2% (95% CI - 144.7-95.6%),两次用药 74.0% (95% CI - 92.1-96.5%),三次用药 86.6% (95% CI 56.8-95.9%)。结论 RV5和LLR都能预防RVGE,包括新出现的G8P[8]基因型。三剂 RV5 可提供强有力的保护,而两剂 LLR 似乎也是预防轮状病毒感染的有效策略。
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来源期刊
Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Infectious Diseases and Therapy Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
1.90%
发文量
136
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Infectious Diseases and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, rapid publication journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of infectious disease therapies and interventions, including vaccines and devices. Studies relating to diagnostic products and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. Areas of focus include, but are not limited to, bacterial and fungal infections, viral infections (including HIV/AIDS and hepatitis), parasitological diseases, tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, vaccinations and other interventions, and drug-resistance, chronic infections, epidemiology and tropical, emergent, pediatric, dermal and sexually-transmitted diseases.
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