Identification and characterization of autoallododecaploid barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) induced by in vitro colchicine treatment

IF 2.2 3区 生物学 Q4 CELL BIOLOGY
Keyi Liu, Xiaoling Zhou, Wei Wang, Xiaoxiao Wu, Ziwei Zhao, Xiaolu Yang, Ziyi Feng, Pincang Lv, Jie Wang, Wangwen Zhu, Xianhua Zhang, Yuchi He, Detian Cai, Zhaojian Song
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Abstract

A protocol for in vitro induction of autoallododecaploid Echinochloa crus-galli with colchicine treatment was established. Colchicine concentration and exposure time had significant effects on the callus survival rate, shoot differentiation rate, and chromosome doubling rate. With the increase of colchicine concentration and the extension of treatment time, the callus survival rate and shoot differentiation rate both decreased. Treatment with 0.05% colchicine for 48 hr was the most effective condition for polyploidization, yielding 42.99% dodecaploids. The authenticity of the induced dodecaploid was confirmed by nuclear DNA content, chromosome number, and stomatal and morphological characteristics. Dodecaploid plants showed the obvious “giant” effects of polyploid organs, as well as significantly reduced seed set rate. The concentrations of calcium, iron, most free amino acids, and total free amino acids in dodecaploid plants were significantly higher than those in hexaploid plants. The results showed that the chromosome of allohexaploid E. crus-galli could be redoubled. The dodecaploid E. crus-galli could still grow normally and showed advantages associated with polyploidization, such as enlarged organs and increased nutrient concentrations. The study enriched the germplasm resources of barnyard grass and laid a foundation for the utilization and theoretical research of E. crus-galli in the future.

Abstract Image

体外秋水仙碱处理诱导的自交系稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli L.)的鉴定和特征描述
建立了秋水仙素体外诱导自交系雌核发育的方案。秋水仙素浓度和暴露时间对胼胝体成活率、芽分化率和染色体加倍率有显著影响。随着秋水仙素浓度的增加和处理时间的延长,胼胝体成活率和芽分化率均有所下降。0.05% 秋水仙素处理 48 小时是最有效的多倍体化条件,可获得 42.99% 的十二碳单倍体。通过核 DNA 含量、染色体数目、气孔和形态特征证实了诱导的十二单倍体的真实性。十二单倍体植株表现出明显的多倍体器官 "巨人 "效应,种子结实率明显降低。十二单倍体植株中钙、铁、大部分游离氨基酸和总游离氨基酸的浓度明显高于六单倍体植株。结果表明,异源六倍体 E. crus-galli 的染色体可以加倍。十二单倍体的 E. crus-galli 仍能正常生长,并表现出与多倍体化相关的优势,如器官增大、养分浓度增加等。该研究丰富了稗草的种质资源,为今后E. crus-galli的利用和理论研究奠定了基础。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
7.70%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Founded in 1965, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant is the only journal devoted solely to worldwide coverage of in vitro biology in plants. Its high-caliber original research and reviews make it required reading for anyone who needs comprehensive coverage of the latest developments and state-of-the-art research in plant cell and tissue culture and biotechnology from around the world.
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