{"title":"A pontine-medullary loop crucial for REM sleep and its deficit in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Mitsuaki Kashiwagi, Goichi Beck, Mika Kanuka, Yoshifumi Arai, Kaeko Tanaka, Chika Tatsuzawa, Yumiko Koga, Yuki C. Saito, Marina Takagi, Yo Oishi, Masanori Sakaguchi, Kousuke Baba, Masashi Ikuno, Hodaka Yamakado, Ryosuke Takahashi, Masashi Yanagisawa, Shigeo Murayama, Takeshi Sakurai, Kazuya Sakai, Yoshimi Nakagawa, Yu Hayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.cell.2024.08.046","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Identifying the properties of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep circuitry and its relation to diseases has been challenging due to the neuronal heterogeneity of the brainstem. Here, we show in mice that neurons in the pontine sublaterodorsal tegmentum (SubLDT) that express corticotropin-releasing hormone-binding protein (<em>Crhbp</em><sup>+</sup> neurons) and project to the medulla promote REM sleep. Within the medullary area receiving projections from <em>Crhbp</em><sup>+</sup> neurons, neurons expressing nitric oxide synthase 1 (<em>Nos1</em><sup>+</sup> neurons) project to the SubLDT and promote REM sleep, suggesting a positively interacting loop between the pons and the medulla operating as a core REM sleep circuit. <em>Nos1</em><sup>+</sup> neurons also project to areas that control wide forebrain activity. Ablating <em>Crhbp</em><sup>+</sup> neurons reduces sleep and impairs REM sleep atonia. In Parkinson’s disease patients with REM sleep behavior disorders, CRHBP-immunoreactive neurons are largely reduced and contain pathologic α-synuclein, providing insight into the mechanisms underlying the sleep deficits characterizing this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9656,"journal":{"name":"Cell","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cell","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2024.08.046","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Identifying the properties of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep circuitry and its relation to diseases has been challenging due to the neuronal heterogeneity of the brainstem. Here, we show in mice that neurons in the pontine sublaterodorsal tegmentum (SubLDT) that express corticotropin-releasing hormone-binding protein (Crhbp+ neurons) and project to the medulla promote REM sleep. Within the medullary area receiving projections from Crhbp+ neurons, neurons expressing nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1+ neurons) project to the SubLDT and promote REM sleep, suggesting a positively interacting loop between the pons and the medulla operating as a core REM sleep circuit. Nos1+ neurons also project to areas that control wide forebrain activity. Ablating Crhbp+ neurons reduces sleep and impairs REM sleep atonia. In Parkinson’s disease patients with REM sleep behavior disorders, CRHBP-immunoreactive neurons are largely reduced and contain pathologic α-synuclein, providing insight into the mechanisms underlying the sleep deficits characterizing this disease.
期刊介绍:
Cells is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal that focuses on cell biology, molecular biology, and biophysics. It is affiliated with several societies, including the Spanish Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (SEBBM), Nordic Autophagy Society (NAS), Spanish Society of Hematology and Hemotherapy (SEHH), and Society for Regenerative Medicine (Russian Federation) (RPO).
The journal publishes research findings of significant importance in various areas of experimental biology, such as cell biology, molecular biology, neuroscience, immunology, virology, microbiology, cancer, human genetics, systems biology, signaling, and disease mechanisms and therapeutics. The primary criterion for considering papers is whether the results contribute to significant conceptual advances or raise thought-provoking questions and hypotheses related to interesting and important biological inquiries.
In addition to primary research articles presented in four formats, Cells also features review and opinion articles in its "leading edge" section, discussing recent research advancements and topics of interest to its wide readership.