Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection Among Adults in Nursing and Care Homes: A Systematic Review

IF 4.3 4区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI:10.1111/irv.70008

Richard Osei-Yeboah, Stephen Amankwah, Elizabeth Begier, Miranda Adedze, Franklin Nyanzu, Pious Appiah, Jochebed Ode Boakye Ansah, Harry Campbell, Reiko Sato, Luis Jodar, Bradford D. Gessner, Harish Nair

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Abstract

Background

Older adults in nursing and care homes (NCHs) are vulnerable to severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, hospitalization, and death. This study aimed to gather data on RSV disease among older adults in NCHs and identify reported risk factors for RSV hospitalization and case fatality.

Methods

The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022371908). We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Global Health databases to identify articles published between 2000 and 2023. Observational and experimental studies conducted among older adults in NCHs requiring assistive care and reporting RSV illness were included and relevant data were extracted.

Results

Of 18,690 studies screened, 32 were selected for full-text review, and 20 were included. Overall, the number of NCH residents ranged from 42 to 1459 with a mean age between 67.6 and 85 years. Attack rates ranged from 6.7% to 47.6% and annual incidence ranged from 0.5% to 14%. Case fatality rates ranged from 7.7% to 23.1%. We found similar annual incidence rates of RSV-positive acute respiratory infection (ARI) of 4582 (95% CI: 3259–6264) and 4785 (95% CI: 2258–10,141) per 100,000 reported in two studies. Annual incidence rate of RSV-positive lower respiratory tract infection was 3040 (95% CI: 1986–4454) cases per 100,000 adults. Annual RSV-ARI hospital admission rates were between 600 (95% CI: 190–10,000) and 1104 (95% CI: 350–1930) per 100,000 person-years. Among all RSV disease cases, commonly reported chronic medical conditions included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, ischemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, kidney dysfunction, cerebrovascular accident, malignancies, dementia, and those with a Charlson comorbidity score > 6.5.

Conclusion

Data on RSV infection among NCH residents are limited and largely heterogeneous but document a high risk of illness, frequent hospitalization, and high mortality. Preventive interventions, such as vaccination, should be considered for this high-risk population. Nationally representative epidemiologic studies and NCH-based viral pathogen surveillance could more precisely assess the burden on NCH residents.

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疗养院和护理院中成年人的呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 感染负担：系统回顾

背景疗养院和护理院（NCHs）中的老年人很容易受到严重的呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染、住院和死亡。本研究旨在收集有关养老院老年人 RSV 疾病的数据，并确定报告的 RSV 住院和死亡病例的风险因素。方法研究方案已在 PROSPERO（CRD42022371908）上注册。我们检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE 和 Global Health 数据库，以确定 2000 年至 2023 年间发表的文章。我们纳入了在需要辅助护理并报告 RSV 疾病的非住院老年人中开展的观察性和实验性研究，并提取了相关数据。结果在筛选出的 18,690 篇研究中，有 32 篇被选中进行全文审阅，其中 20 篇被收录。总体而言，非住院患者人数从 42 人到 1459 人不等，平均年龄在 67.6 岁到 85 岁之间。发病率从 6.7% 到 47.6%，年发病率从 0.5% 到 14%。病死率从 7.7% 到 23.1%。我们发现，两项研究报告的 RSV 阳性急性呼吸道感染（ARI）年发病率相似，分别为每 10 万人 4582 例（95% CI：3259-6264 例）和 4785 例（95% CI：2258-10141 例）。RSV 阳性下呼吸道感染的年发病率为每 10 万名成人 3040 例（95% CI：1986-4454）。每年 RSV-ARI 的入院率为每 10 万人年 600 例（95% CI：190-10,000 例）和 1104 例（95% CI：350-1930 例）。在所有 RSV 病例中，常见的慢性疾病包括慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD)、心力衰竭、缺血性心脏病、冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、肾功能障碍、脑血管意外、恶性肿瘤、痴呆症以及 Charlson 合并症评分为 6.5 的病例。结论有关非住院居民感染 RSV 的数据有限，且大多不尽相同，但记录了高患病风险、频繁住院和高死亡率。应考虑对这一高风险人群采取疫苗接种等预防性干预措施。具有全国代表性的流行病学研究和基于非住院患者的病毒病原体监测可以更准确地评估非住院患者的负担。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.50%

发文量

120

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.