The recognition of death and grief: An evolutionary perspective. Its relations with the most ancient rituals and burials of humanity

IF 0.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY
Éric Crubézy
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The concept of grief, the metamorphosis of the deceased into the departed, a subject recreated and rethought by the psyche, is crucial for understanding the significance of the grave and funeral rites. We can divide the funeral rites into three phases: seeing the dead person presented socialized, hiding him to begin the mourning process, and finally metamorphosing him into the deceased. Moreover, these three phases typically require the involvement of several community members, some of whom may be less affected by sorrow — a factor that hinders action — compared to close relatives. Considering these factors, it becomes apparent that grief and, consequently, the tomb are more fundamentally social phenomena than cultural ones. The cultural aspect is an overlay, as beliefs and religions facilitate the mourning process by providing guidelines for conduct and contemplation. An evolutionary perspective on the recognition of death and griefs considers these definitions, cognitive developments during human growth, and the cognitive evolution of hominids. Recognizing another's death without integrating the concept of one's mortality could have emerged early in human evolution and been a factor in developing consciousness in a feedback loop. Moreover, the funerary rites and tombs are probably older than is commonly accepted by many researchers to date.

对死亡和悲伤的认识:进化的视角。它与人类最古老的仪式和葬礼的关系
悲伤的概念,即死者蜕变为逝者,是心理重新创造和思考的主体,对于理解坟墓和丧葬仪式的意义至关重要。我们可以将丧葬仪式分为三个阶段:看到逝者出现在社交场合,将其藏匿以开始哀悼过程,最后将其蜕变为逝者。此外,这三个阶段通常需要多名社区成员的参与,与近亲相比,其中一些人可能较少受到悲伤的影响--这是阻碍行动的一个因素。考虑到这些因素,我们就会发现,悲痛以及坟墓从根本上说是一种社会现象,而不是文化现象。文化方面是一个叠加因素,因为信仰和宗教通过提供行为和思考准则来促进哀悼过程。从进化角度看死亡和哀悼的认识,要考虑这些定义、人类成长过程中的认知发展以及类人猿的认知进化。在人类进化的早期,认识到他人的死亡而不结合自身死亡的概念可能已经出现,并在反馈循环中成为发展意识的一个因素。此外,丧葬仪式和墓葬的历史可能比迄今为止许多研究人员普遍接受的要早。
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来源期刊
Anthropologie
Anthropologie ANTHROPOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: First published in 1890, Anthropologie remains one of the most important journals devoted to prehistoric sciences and paleoanthropology. It regularly publishes thematic issues, originalsarticles and book reviews.
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