Investigating the toxicological effects of nanomaterials in food packaging associated with human health and the environment

IF 6.6 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
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Abstract

Nanomaterials (NMs) have revolutionized food packaging by offering unique properties such as enhanced barrier functions, antimicrobial activity, and prolonged shelf life. However, concerns over the potential adverse effects of these materials on human health and the environment have prompted extensive research. This review explores the toxicological implications of NMs used in food packaging, focusing on their migration mechanisms, interactions with biological systems, and environmental impact. NMs, due to their small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio, can migrate from packaging materials into food under various conditions, potentially leading to human exposure through ingestion. Studies have highlighted the ability of certain NMs, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, genotoxicity, and cellular dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the environmental release of NMs during manufacturing, use, and disposal stages poses risks to ecosystems and human health. This review synthesizes current knowledge, identifies research gaps, and discusses regulatory challenges associated with the safe use of NMs in food packaging. Future research directions are proposed to enhance the understanding of NM toxicity, improve risk assessment methodologies, and develop sustainable packaging alternatives. By addressing these issues, stakeholders can effectively manage the risks while harnessing the benefits of nanotechnology in food packaging innovation.

调查食品包装中的纳米材料对人类健康和环境的毒理学影响
纳米材料(NMs)具有增强阻隔功能、抗菌活性和延长保质期等独特性能,为食品包装带来了革命性的变化。然而,这些材料对人类健康和环境的潜在不利影响引起了人们的关注,并引发了广泛的研究。本综述探讨了食品包装中使用的 NMs 的毒理学影响,重点关注其迁移机制、与生物系统的相互作用以及对环境的影响。由于尺寸小、表面积与体积比高,核磁共振成像介质可在各种条件下从包装材料迁移到食品中,从而可能导致人体摄入。研究表明,某些 NMs(如纳米银粒子 (AgNPs)、纳米二氧化钛粒子 (TiO2 NPs) 和纳米氧化锌粒子 (ZnO NPs))能够在体外和体内诱发氧化应激、炎症、基因毒性和细胞功能障碍。此外,在制造、使用和处置阶段,环境中释放的 NMs 对生态系统和人类健康构成风险。本综述综述了当前的知识,确定了研究差距,并讨论了与在食品包装中安全使用 NMs 相关的监管挑战。提出了未来的研究方向,以加强对 NM 毒性的了解、改进风险评估方法并开发可持续的包装替代品。通过解决这些问题,利益相关者可以有效地管理风险,同时利用纳米技术在食品包装创新中的优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of hazardous materials letters
Journal of hazardous materials letters Pollution, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
20 days
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