The syntax of talking heads

IF 1.8 1区文学 N/A LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1016/j.pragma.2024.08.011

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Abstract

In this paper I explore in detail the syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of two understudied discourse markers of Upper Austrian German: ma indicates surprise, while geh indicates a discrepancy between speaker and addressee. In terms of their context of use, these discourse markers, which are restricted to turn-initial position are — at first sight — similar to the sentence-internal discourse particles leicht and doch. It is shown that these four markers display systematic similarities and differences, which invites the conclusion that their distribution is regulated by grammatical knowledge. An analysis in terms of Wiltschko's (2021) Interactional Spine Hypothesis is developed according to which ma and geh are interactional pro-forms (ProGroundP) which mark a reaction to the speaker's or the addressee's current epistemic state, respectively. In contrast, leicht and doch are analysed as (covertly) associating with the head of the grounding phrases thereby indicating whether or not the propositional content is in the interlocutor's ground.

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在本文中，我详细探讨了上奥地利德语中两个未被充分研究的话语标记词的语法、语义和语用学：ma 表示惊讶，geh 表示说话人和被说话人之间的差异。就其使用语境而言，这两个仅限于转折起始位置的话语标记词--乍一看--与句子内部话语微粒 "leicht "和 "doch "相似。研究表明，这四个标记词显示出系统性的异同，从而得出结论：它们的分布受语法知识的制约。根据 Wiltschko（2021 年）提出的 "互动脊柱假说"（Interactional Spine Hypothesis），ma 和 geh 是互动原形（ProGroundP），分别表示对说话人或受话人当前认识状态的反应。与此相反，leicht 和 doch 被分析为（隐蔽地）与基础短语的首部相关联，从而表示命题内容是否在对话者的基础中。

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来源期刊

Journal of Pragmatics Multiple-

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

18.80%

发文量

219

期刊介绍： Since 1977, the Journal of Pragmatics has provided a forum for bringing together a wide range of research in pragmatics, including cognitive pragmatics, corpus pragmatics, experimental pragmatics, historical pragmatics, interpersonal pragmatics, multimodal pragmatics, sociopragmatics, theoretical pragmatics and related fields. Our aim is to publish innovative pragmatic scholarship from all perspectives, which contributes to theories of how speakers produce and interpret language in different contexts drawing on attested data from a wide range of languages/cultures in different parts of the world. The Journal of Pragmatics also encourages work that uses attested language data to explore the relationship between pragmatics and neighbouring research areas such as semantics, discourse analysis, conversation analysis and ethnomethodology, interactional linguistics, sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, media studies, psychology, sociology, and the philosophy of language. Alongside full-length articles, discussion notes and book reviews, the journal welcomes proposals for high quality special issues in all areas of pragmatics which make a significant contribution to a topical or developing area at the cutting-edge of research.

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