Kleptoparasitism in seabirds—A potential pathway for global avian influenza virus spread

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/conl.13052

Simon B. Z. Gorta, Alex J. Berryman, Richard T. Kingsford, Marcel Klaassen, Rohan H. Clarke

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Wild birds have experienced unprecedented, near‐global mass mortalities since 2021, driven by outbreaks of high‐pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 lineage 2.3.4.4b. Managing this panzootic requires identification of transmission pathways. We investigated potential HPAIV transmission via kleptoparasitism (food theft) by examining the distribution, behaviors, and movements of two globally widespread and commonly kleptoparasitic seabird families: Fregatidae (frigatebirds) and Stercorariidae (skuas). These kleptoparasites force other seabirds (targets) to regurgitate food, which the kleptoparasite then ingests, potentially facilitating direct transfer of viral particles from target to kleptoparasite. Scavenging and predation probably contribute further to viral spread. Although frigatebirds use kleptoparasitism on a year‐round basis, skuas more commonly do so outside of the breeding season. Both frequently forage, disperse, or migrate across oceans and hemispheres. Dense aggregations of kleptoparasitic and target seabirds at breeding and/or roosting sites may facilitate the spread of HPAIV. In addition, the migration of these species could also facilitate broadscale geographic spread of HPAIV. Surveillance of kleptoparasites for HPAIVs could aid in early detection and may be important for seabird conservation.

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海鸟的克隆寄生--全球禽流感病毒传播的潜在途径

自 2021 年以来，在高致病性禽流感病毒 (HPAIV) H5N1 2.3.4.4b 系爆发的推动下，野生鸟类经历了前所未有的、近乎全球性的大规模死亡。管理这种泛流行病需要确定传播途径。我们通过研究全球广泛分布的两个常见偷食寄生海鸟科的分布、行为和移动情况，调查了 HPAIV 通过偷食寄生（食物盗窃）传播的可能性：海鸟科（Fregatidae）和贼鸥科（Stercorariidae）。这些偷食寄生虫迫使其他海鸟（目标）反刍食物，然后偷食寄生虫摄取食物，这可能会促进病毒颗粒从目标到偷食寄生虫的直接传播。食腐和捕食可能会进一步促进病毒传播。虽然军舰鸟全年都在利用偷食寄生，但贼鸥在繁殖季节以外更常这样做。两者都经常跨大洋和半球觅食、分散或迁徙。在繁殖和/或栖息地密集聚集的偷寄生海鸟和目标海鸟可能会促进高致病性禽流感的传播。此外，这些物种的迁徙也会促进高致病性禽流感的大范围地理传播。对偷猎寄生虫进行高致病性禽流感病毒监测有助于早期发现，对海鸟保护可能非常重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Conservation Letters BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

2.40%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Conservation Letters is a reputable scientific journal that is devoted to the publication of both empirical and theoretical research that has important implications for the conservation of biological diversity. The journal warmly invites submissions from various disciplines within the biological and social sciences, with a particular interest in interdisciplinary work. The primary aim is to advance both pragmatic conservation objectives and scientific knowledge. Manuscripts are subject to a rapid communication schedule, therefore they should address current and relevant topics. Research articles should effectively communicate the significance of their findings in relation to conservation policy and practice.