Controlled Release System of Nanopesticides Based on Noncovalent Interactions

Abstract

Pesticides can lose effectiveness and harm the environment due to factors like their chemical properties, weather conditions, and how they are applied. This can happen through drifting, bouncing, rolling, or leaching, which means the pesticide does not reach its target and pollutes the air, water, or soil. The pesticide controlled release system has good environmental responsiveness and can achieve precise quantitative release, which not only reduces the demand for pesticides in target crops and further improves pesticide utilization but also reduces the amount of pesticide residues in the soil and reduces the problem of environmental pollution. In addition, noncovalent interactions between pesticides and carriers play a significant role in pesticide controlled release systems. They can significantly improve the properties of pesticides, themselves, increase drug loading capacity, and enhance the stability of the system and the sensitivity of environmental stimulus-response. In this paper, the latest progress in constructing a pesticide controlled release system based on noncovalent interactions (hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding interactions, electrostatic interactions, and supramolecular host–guest interactions) is summarized in detail, which provides a good foundation for developing an ideal pesticide controlled release system in the future.