{"title":"Unraveling the role of crystal structural variations in modifying the luminescence properties of CMS: Eu3+ phosphor","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2024.120894","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pristine and europium doped calcium magnesium silicate (CMS and CMS: Eu<sup>3+</sup>) phosphor having akermanite (Ca<sub>2</sub>MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>), monticellite (CaMgSiO<sub>4</sub>) and merwinite (Ca<sub>3</sub>MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>) phases are synthesized via solid state reaction method. The modification of photoluminescence properties such as emission intensity, decay time and quantum yield (QY) due to the variation of the crystal structure, local site symmetry and coordination geometry of akermanite, monticellite and merwinite phases are studied. The merwinite phase is optimized at an annealing temperature of 900 °C, whereas monticellite phase is at 1100 °C. The agglomerated morphology changes to particle formation as the annealing temperature changes from 900 °C to 1100 °C. The lattice parameters and site preference of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions are determined using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The analysis of lattice expansion, formation enthalpy (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow><mi>f</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and mixing energy (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow><mi>m</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) reveal the preference of Eu<sup>3+</sup> occupation in the Ca<sup>2+</sup> cationic site over Mg<sup>2+</sup> for all three phases. The blueshift and redshift of Mg-O and Ca-O stretching in the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis agree with the DFT calculation. UV–visible spectra analyses reveal a modification in optical bandgap with Eu<sup>3+</sup> addition. The highest intensity <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub>→<sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub> induced electric dipole (ED), hypersensitive transition indicates the preference of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions in a non-inversion center for all the phases. This agrees with the higher <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>Ω</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> values from Judd-Ofelt (J-O) parameter calculations and local site symmetry analysis of DFT-optimized structures. The monticellite phase exhibits maximum crystal field splitting due to its octahedral geometry, whereas the akermanite phase, with its distinct dodecahedral geometry, displays maximum emission intensity, an extended decay time, and the highest quantum yield (QY). The modification of photoluminescence properties of the three phases is analyzed in detail based on the coordination geometry and the distortion in local sites due to Eu<sup>3+</sup> doping in the Ca and Mg sites. CIE color chromaticity analysis confirms the orange-red emission with 91.94 %, 90.88 % and 90.24 % color purity for akermanite, monticellite and merwinite phases respectively. Hence, the present study throws light on the potency of the akermanite phase of CMS: Eu<sup>3+</sup> phosphor with 70 % QY as the optimal matrix for Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions over monticellite and merwinite host matrices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Luminescence","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022231324004587","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Pristine and europium doped calcium magnesium silicate (CMS and CMS: Eu3+) phosphor having akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), monticellite (CaMgSiO4) and merwinite (Ca3MgSi2O8) phases are synthesized via solid state reaction method. The modification of photoluminescence properties such as emission intensity, decay time and quantum yield (QY) due to the variation of the crystal structure, local site symmetry and coordination geometry of akermanite, monticellite and merwinite phases are studied. The merwinite phase is optimized at an annealing temperature of 900 °C, whereas monticellite phase is at 1100 °C. The agglomerated morphology changes to particle formation as the annealing temperature changes from 900 °C to 1100 °C. The lattice parameters and site preference of Eu3+ ions are determined using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The analysis of lattice expansion, formation enthalpy () and mixing energy () reveal the preference of Eu3+ occupation in the Ca2+ cationic site over Mg2+ for all three phases. The blueshift and redshift of Mg-O and Ca-O stretching in the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis agree with the DFT calculation. UV–visible spectra analyses reveal a modification in optical bandgap with Eu3+ addition. The highest intensity 5D0→7F2 induced electric dipole (ED), hypersensitive transition indicates the preference of Eu3+ ions in a non-inversion center for all the phases. This agrees with the higher values from Judd-Ofelt (J-O) parameter calculations and local site symmetry analysis of DFT-optimized structures. The monticellite phase exhibits maximum crystal field splitting due to its octahedral geometry, whereas the akermanite phase, with its distinct dodecahedral geometry, displays maximum emission intensity, an extended decay time, and the highest quantum yield (QY). The modification of photoluminescence properties of the three phases is analyzed in detail based on the coordination geometry and the distortion in local sites due to Eu3+ doping in the Ca and Mg sites. CIE color chromaticity analysis confirms the orange-red emission with 91.94 %, 90.88 % and 90.24 % color purity for akermanite, monticellite and merwinite phases respectively. Hence, the present study throws light on the potency of the akermanite phase of CMS: Eu3+ phosphor with 70 % QY as the optimal matrix for Eu3+ ions over monticellite and merwinite host matrices.
期刊介绍:
The purpose of the Journal of Luminescence is to provide a means of communication between scientists in different disciplines who share a common interest in the electronic excited states of molecular, ionic and covalent systems, whether crystalline, amorphous, or liquid.
We invite original papers and reviews on such subjects as: exciton and polariton dynamics, dynamics of localized excited states, energy and charge transport in ordered and disordered systems, radiative and non-radiative recombination, relaxation processes, vibronic interactions in electronic excited states, photochemistry in condensed systems, excited state resonance, double resonance, spin dynamics, selective excitation spectroscopy, hole burning, coherent processes in excited states, (e.g. coherent optical transients, photon echoes, transient gratings), multiphoton processes, optical bistability, photochromism, and new techniques for the study of excited states. This list is not intended to be exhaustive. Papers in the traditional areas of optical spectroscopy (absorption, MCD, luminescence, Raman scattering) are welcome. Papers on applications (phosphors, scintillators, electro- and cathodo-luminescence, radiography, bioimaging, solar energy, energy conversion, etc.) are also welcome if they present results of scientific, rather than only technological interest. However, papers containing purely theoretical results, not related to phenomena in the excited states, as well as papers using luminescence spectroscopy to perform routine analytical chemistry or biochemistry procedures, are outside the scope of the journal. Some exceptions will be possible at the discretion of the editors.