Calcium oscillations and mitochondrial enzymes in stem cells

Abstract

Calcium oscillations are rhythmic fluctuations of the intracellular concentration of calcium ions (Ca²⁺). As Ca²⁺ evokes various cellular processes, its intracellular concentration is tightly regulated. Ca²⁺ oscillations control biological events, including neuronal differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. The frequency and pattern of Ca²⁺ oscillations depend on cell type. Researchers have studied Ca²⁺ oscillations to better understand how cells communicate and regulate physiological processes. Dysregulation of Ca²⁺ oscillations causes health problems, such as neurodegenerative disorders. This review discusses the potential functions of Ca²⁺ oscillations in stem cells.