Breath of impact: Unveiling the dynamics of exhalation-driven deposition of polydisperse particles in lung across varied physical activities

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120283

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Abstract

Continuous deposition of workplace pollutant particles on lung airways during respiratory actions seriously threatens the lung health of persons performing tasks in polluted environments. This study aims to analyze the exhalation-driven deposition of fine and coarse occupational pollutant particles in polydisperse form. Computer simulations are conducted to study the patterns of deposition of grain dust, coal fly ash, and bituminous coal particles. Key findings include the observation of early emergence of secondary flows in the real model, a notable shift in deposition patterns towards the post-bifurcation zones, and influence of physical activity intensity on particle deposition. Additionally, deposition primarily occurs near cranial ridge during inhalation, while exhalation leads to deposition in pre- and post-bifurcation zones. PM2.5 deposition is minimal and random in idealized model but becomes more significant and consistent in real model. This research underscores the increased risk of lung diseases for workers in polluted environments during vigorous activity.

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影响呼吸：揭示不同体育活动中呼气驱动的多分散微粒在肺部沉积的动态过程

工作场所的污染物颗粒在呼吸过程中持续沉积在肺部呼吸道上，严重威胁着在污染环境中执行任务的人员的肺部健康。本研究旨在分析由呼气驱动的多分散细颗粒和粗颗粒职业污染物的沉积情况。通过计算机模拟来研究谷物粉尘、粉煤灰和烟煤颗粒的沉积模式。主要发现包括：在真实模型中观察到了二次流的早期出现、沉积模式向分叉后区域的明显转变，以及体力活动强度对颗粒沉积的影响。此外，沉积主要发生在吸气时的颅脊附近，而呼气则导致沉积在分叉前和分叉后区域。在理想化模型中，PM2.5 的沉积是微小和随机的，但在真实模型中则变得更加显著和一致。这项研究强调，在污染环境中，工人在剧烈活动时患肺病的风险会增加。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Powder Technology 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

15.40%

发文量

1047

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Powder Technology is an International Journal on the Science and Technology of Wet and Dry Particulate Systems. Powder Technology publishes papers on all aspects of the formation of particles and their characterisation and on the study of systems containing particulate solids. No limitation is imposed on the size of the particles, which may range from nanometre scale, as in pigments or aerosols, to that of mined or quarried materials. The following list of topics is not intended to be comprehensive, but rather to indicate typical subjects which fall within the scope of the journal's interests: Formation and synthesis of particles by precipitation and other methods. Modification of particles by agglomeration, coating, comminution and attrition. Characterisation of the size, shape, surface area, pore structure and strength of particles and agglomerates (including the origins and effects of inter particle forces). Packing, failure, flow and permeability of assemblies of particles. Particle-particle interactions and suspension rheology. Handling and processing operations such as slurry flow, fluidization, pneumatic conveying. Interactions between particles and their environment, including delivery of particulate products to the body. Applications of particle technology in production of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, foods, pigments, structural, and functional materials and in environmental and energy related matters. For materials-oriented contributions we are looking for articles revealing the effect of particle/powder characteristics (size, morphology and composition, in that order) on material performance or functionality and, ideally, comparison to any industrial standard.